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Science > Motion > Flashcards

Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Distance

A

The length of the space between one point and another.

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2
Q

Speed

A

The distance travelled per unit of time.

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3
Q

Time

A

A measurable period in which events or an event occurs.

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4
Q

Scalar

A

A physical quantity that has magnitude only. For example, time.

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5
Q

Vector

A

A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction.

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6
Q

Displacement

A

Distance in a given direction. For example, 50 m north east. It is also the shortest distance between two points.

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7
Q

Velocity

A

Speed in a given direction. For example, 100 km/h south. Velocity of an object can be calculated by dividing the displacement of an object by the time taken to undergo that displacement.

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8
Q

Distance time graph

A

Shows the distance something travels over the time taken to travel that distance. It is normally drawn by plotting the distance travelled on the y-axis and the time taken for the journey on the x-axis.

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9
Q

Acceleration

A

When speed changes over time.

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10
Q

Force

A

Forces explain why an object moves the way it does, why things stretch, twist, tear, snap, bend, break, speed up, slow down and change shape. Pushes and pulls are types of force.

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11
Q

Contact forces

A

Two objects have to be in contact for these forces to occur.

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12
Q

Non contact forces

A

Forces where objects do not have to be in contact for the forces to occur.

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13
Q

Interaction pair

A

Pairs of forces that occur together.

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14
Q

Newton meter

A

A device used to measure forces. Also known as a spring balance.

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15
Q

Force meter

A

Used to measure forces digitally.

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16
Q

Balanced

A

When an object does not move because competing forces cancel each other out, we say the forces are balanced.

17
Q

Equilibrium

A

An object is in equilibrium when it is subject to balanced forces.

18
Q

Unbalanced

A

When one force on an object is stronger than another force, the forces are unbalanced. Unbalanced forces cause objects to speed up, slow down or change direction.

19
Q

Dynamic

A

When an object has balanced forces acting upon it when it is moving.

20
Q

Friction

A

A force that opposes motion when two objects are placed in contact.

21
Q

Drag forces

A

Forms of friction, such as water resistance and air resistance.

22
Q

Lubrication

A

Friction between solids can be reduced by using lubrication. Examples of lubricants include oil and wax.

23
Q

Steamlining

A

volves creating a smooth surface and an aerodynamic shape. Drag forces in wind and air can be reduced by streamlining.

24
Q

Deform

A

When forces compress or stretch objects, they deform them.

25
Q

Compress

A

When a material is compressed, the material’s particles move closer together.

26
Q

Stretch

A

When a material is stretched, the material’s particles move further apart.

27
Q

Reaction

A

The force applied by an object in response to another force.

28
Q

Elastic

A

Any object that is able to restore its shape after it has been extended or compressed is known as an elastic object.

29
Q

Elastic limit

A

The point at which an elastic object will not restore its shape.

30
Q

Pressure

A

A measure of the force exerted per unit area of an object.

31
Q

Gas pressure

A

As gas particles move around, they collide with other objects and with each other. This force, applied over an area, causes gas pressure. The faster the gas particles move, the more force they exert, so the greater the pressure is.

32
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

The pressure exerted by the Earth’s atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure affects weather.

33
Q

Density

A

A measure of how much matter is in the object compared to how much space it takes up. It is the ratio of mass to volume.

34
Q

Buoyancy

A

If the upthrust that results from the pressure of a liquid is large enough, it will keep an object afloat, or buoyant.

35
Q

Upthrust

A

The upward force exerted by a liquid. Pressure in liquids increases with depth, which means the bottom of something in a liquid will always feel more pressure than the sides because this point is the deepest.

36
Q

Archimedes’ principle

A

States that an object placed in water will feel an upthrust equal to the weight of the water it displaced.

Science (7 decks)

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