Biology

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Store and release eggs

Question 2

Fallopian tubes

Answer 2

Carry the egg to the uterus fertilization occurs here

Question 3

Uterus

Answer 3

Womb where the fertilized egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

Question 4

Cervix

Answer 4

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

Question 5

Vagina

Answer 5

Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

Question 6

Ovulation

Answer 6

An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days

Question 7

Menstruation

Answer 7

Uterus becomes thicker and rich in blood vessels to be ready to receive the egg if the egg is not fertilized by a sperm the thickened uterus lining is not needed and breaks away the lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina (day 1-5 ) another word is period

Question 8

Fertile period

Answer 8

These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant intercourse 2 or 3 days before during or after ovulation could lead to fertilization.

Question 9

Pause to menstural cycle

Answer 9

Pause to menstural cycle is paused for the duration of pregnancy the first sign of pregnancy is that menstruation does not happen

Question 10

Menopause

Answer 10

Signals the end of a females ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstural cycle. It happens at the age of late 40s to early 50s

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Produces sperm

Question 12

Scrotum

Answer 12

Where the testes are it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm

Question 13

Epididymis

Answer 13

Is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

Question 14

Vas deferens

Answer 14

Sperm duct brings the sperm from the testis to the penis

Question 15

Seminal vesicles prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

Answer 15

Produces seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen it nourishes the sperm and allows it to swim

Question 16

Penis

Answer 16

Enters the females and ejaculates semen

Question 17

Puberty

Answer 17

Describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature it normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16

Question 18

Male puberty

Answer 18

In males sex hormones are released causing the voice to deepen hair grows around the sex organs face chest and underarms the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm

Question 19

Female puberty

Answer 19

In females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop hips widen and hair begins to grow on the body the first egg is released from the ovaries which leads to the first period occurring an egg will be released every month until menopause

Question 20

Fertilization

Answer 20

If an egg is present in the Fallopian tube and a couple have sexual intercourse then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it the nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together to form a fertilized egg the woman is now pregnant

Question 21

Embryo

Answer 21

The fertilized egg then divides a number of times and the tiny group of cells moves down the Fallopian tubes to the uterus this group of cells settles into the lining of the uterus and continues to divide to form an embryo

Question 22

Zygote-embryo-foetus

Answer 22

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single - zygote cell division occurs and growth - embryo which attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation) grows more and after 8 weeks looks like a human - foetus

Question 23

Pregnancy

Answer 23

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks as the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid the fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

Question 24

Placenta

Answer 24

Rich in blood vessels it is here at the placenta that food and oxygen from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood also wastes such as carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mothers

Question 25

Birth

Answer 25

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract this is called labour the bag of amniotic fluid bursts waters breaks and further contractions push the baby out usually head first through the vagina the umbilical cord is cut and the placenta afterbirth comes out after

Question 26

Lactation

Answer 26

The mother may choose to breastfeed the infant the production of breast milk is called lactation the first three days of milk is called colostrum very nutritional and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 27

Family planning

Answer 27

The control the number of children you have you need to control the number of fertilization takes place natural methods of contraption aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and above intercourse during the fertile period

Question 28

Artificial methods of conterception

Answer 28

Prevent the spermicide and egg meeting an example of this is a condom which prevents sperm entering the vagina another example is the contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation it is importantly reach no method is 100% reliable

Question 29

Chromosomes and genes

Answer 29

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called Chromosomes Chromosomes are made of protein + DNA These chromosomes carry genes Genes are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 30

Inherited characteristics

Answer 30

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents. The instructions for these inherited characteristics were carried in the two cells that made you the egg and sperm

Question 31

Taxonomy

Answer 31

is the science of classifying organisms.

Question 32

Classification

Answer 32

is the placing of organisms into groups, based on similar characteristics.This simplifies the study of organisms and allow scientists to communicate with each other.The basic unit of classification is the species.

Question 33

A species

Answer 33

is a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.(Liger = sterile offspring of a male lion and a female tiger)(A mule is the sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)

Question 34

Heredity

Answer 34

is the handing down of certain traits from parents to offspring through genes e.g. length of nose.

Question 35

Variation

Answer 35

Means the difference in characteristics between members of the same species. Variations can be acquired (picked up during the life of the organism) eg riding a bicycle or inherited (genetic- can be passed to the next generation) eg tongue rolling

Question 36

Natural selection

Answer 36

Is the process by which the members of a species who are most suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce

Question 37

Variation caused by environment

Answer 37

Where and how we live our body fat is caused by how much we eat and how much exercise we do and any hormonal factors affecting our body

Question 38

Variation caused by inheritance

Answer 38

The color of eyes or hair caused by the genes passed from our parents

Question 39

Nature versus nurture

Answer 39

These two factor interact with each other how tall a person grows may be influenced by their diet as well as their genes