Motion

Question 1

Define time
Symbol for time
Si unit for time

Answer 1

The ongoing sequence of events taking place
t
seconds

Question 2

Define displacement
Symbol for displacement
Si unit for displacement

Answer 2

The shortest distance between the initial position and the final position
s
Metres

Question 3

Define distance
Symbol for distance
Si unit for distance

Answer 3

The numerical measurement of space between two objects
s or d
Metres

Question 4

Define speed
Symbol for speed
Si unit for speed

Answer 4

The rate at which distance is covered in a given period of time
v
m/s or ms^-1

Question 5

Define velocity
Symbol for velocity
Si unit for velocity

Answer 5

A measurement of an objects motion and the direction of its motion.
v
m/s or ms^-1

Question 6

Define acceleration
Symbol for acceleration
Si unit for acceleration
Formula

Answer 6

The rate at which velocity changes over time, due to either change in speed or change in direction
a
m/s/s or m/s^2 or ms^-2
Change in velocity/change in time

Question 7

speed, distance, time triangle

Answer 7

d

v. t

Question 8

velocity, displacement, time triangle

Answer 8

s

v. t

Question 9

Define force
Symbol for force
Si unit for force
Measured with

Answer 9

A push, pull or twist that changes the motion of an object
F
Newtons
Spring Balance

Question 10

Define mass
Symbol for mass
Si unit for mass
Formula

Answer 10

The amount of matter in an object
m
kilograms
weight /gravity

Question 11

Newton’s second law of motion

Answer 11

A force applied to an object will accelerate it proportional to the force, and inversely proportional to its mass
F=ma

Question 12

Newton’s first law of motion

Answer 12

An object at rest will remain at rest, unless an unbalanced force acts on it, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless an unbalanced force acts on it.

Question 13

Newton’s third law of motion

Answer 13

For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)

Question 14

Define weight
Symbol for weight
Si unit for weight
Measured with
Formula

Answer 14

The force exerted upon an object due to gravity
W
Newtons
Spring Balance
mass x gravity

Question 15

Define motion

Answer 15

Any physical movement or change in position or place relative to a reference point

Question 16

Define inertia

Answer 16

The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest, and of an object in motion to remain in motion

Question 17

Define gravity

Answer 17

The force of attraction between all masses in the universe

Question 18

Define deceleration

Answer 18

The rate at which velocity decreases over time

Question 19

Define vector quantity & scalar measurement

Answer 19

The measurement is expressed as a size (magnitude)and a direction
A quantity that only has size and no direction.

Question 20

Define average speed

Symbol

Answer 20

A measure of how fast something moves overall

s or v

Question 21

What does average velocity describe

Answer 21

How fast the displacement is changing

+ or - depending on direction

Question 22

Define instantaneous speed

Answer 22

Your speed at a particular instant.

Question 23

How is acceleration determined as + or -

Answer 23

If the speed is increasing, the acceleration is positive. If the speed is decreasing, the acceleration is negative and is called deceleration.

Question 24

Describe distance time graphs

Answer 24

A distance time graph shows how an object’s motion changes over a period of time.
Time is always placed on the horizontal or x-axis and distance is always plotted on the vertical or y-axis

Question 25

Describe speed time graphs

Answer 25

A speed-time graph shows how an object’s speed changes over time. As in distance -time graph, time is placed on the horizontal or x-axis and speed or velocity is placed on the vertical or y-axis.
An object’s speed may :
be constant shown by a flat horizontal line.
increase (acceleration) shown by straight line sloping upward on the s-t graph.
decrease (deceleration), shown by a straight line sloping downwards on a s-t graph.

Question 26

How to calculate distance in s-t graphs

Answer 26

The total distance traveled in a journey is represented by the AREA under the v-t graph. The way to calculate this is to break your graph up into “shapes” and find the area of each shape (just like you would do in Maths)
so AREA = DISTANCE TRAVELLED

Question 27

Analysing ticker timers

Answer 27

The distance between successive dots on a ticker tape depends on the velocity of the tape.
If the tape moves quickly, the dots are far apart.
If the tape moves slowly, the dots are close to each other

Question 28

How to calculate average speed in ticker timers?

Answer 28

The average speed between each pair of dots can be determined by dividing the distance between the dots by the time interval

Question 29

What can forces do?

Answer 29

move a stationary object
speed up (accelerate) or slow down (decelerate) a moving object.
- stop a moving object
- change the direction of a moving object and
- change the shape of an object

Question 30

How to draw forces?

Answer 30

Scientists draw forces using arrows.Arrows allow you to show both the direction and size of the force. The direction of the arrow shows the direction of the force. Long arrows show big forces and short arrows indicate small forces.

Question 31

Define balanced and unbalanced forces

Answer 31

When two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction acting on the same body.
When two forces are unequal in magnitude but opposite in direction acting on the same body.

Question 32

What did Newton’s laws of motions do?

Answer 32

Describes how things move, accelerate and interact with each other.

Question 33

Weight mass gravity triangle

Answer 33

W

m g

Question 34

Example of newton’s laws of motion

Answer 34

Seat belts stop you tumbling around inside the car if there is a collision. Upon sensing a collision the seat belts lock in place. When the car crashes, there is no unbalanced force acting on the person, so they continue forward (Newton’s First Law). The person moves against the seat belt, exerting a force on it. The seat belt then exerts a force back on the person (Newton’s Third Law). This causes a controlled deceleration of the person.