Atoms and the Periodic Table Flashcards
What are elements?
Elements are a pure substance meaning that only one type of atom exists in it.
What do elements usually refer to?
Elements usually refer to more than one atom
What are atoms comprised of?
Electrons, protons and neutrons
Location of electrons, protons and neutrons
Electrons are outside the nucleus and protons and neutrons are situated inside the nucleus.
What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Electrons are negative, protons are positive and neutrons are neutral.
Provide some examples of changes in atoms that have had their protons added or subtracted.
Hydrogen has 1 proton and is an explosive gas. Helium has 2 protons and is an inert gas. Lithium has 3 protons and it’s a solid metal that fizzes in water.
Oxygen has 8 protons and Fluorine has 9 protons. The latter option kills you and eats your corpse while oxygen helps us live.
Where do element symbols originate from?
The latin name of the elements
Purpose of periodic table
To organise the elements
Hydrogen element symbol
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen element symbol
Oxygen (O)
Carbon element symbol
Carbon (C)
Magnesium element symbol
Magnesium (Mg)
Aluminium element symbol
Aluminium (Al)
Iron element symbol
Iron (Fe)
Lead element symbol
Lead (Pb)
Gold element symbol
Gold (Au)
Chlorine element symbol
Chlorine (Cl)
Sodium element symbol
Sodium (Na)
Who published the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
When was the periodic table published?
In 1869
Why are there two separate rows at the bottom of the periodic table?
They are placed at the bottom to prevent making the periodic table too large
Name of the top separate row
Lanthanides
Name of bottom separate row
Actinides
Why is the periodic table shaped like it is?
The periodic table is shape is dictated on element reactivity.