Most prescribed drugs

Question 1

Name 2 anti-motility drugs?

Answer 1

• Loperamide
• Codine

Question 2

What is the mechanism of loperamide?

Answer 2

Opioid receptor antagonist

Question 3

What is used to treat paracetamol overdose?

Answer 3

• N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
• Activated charcoal (usually within 2 hours)

Question 4

What drug is used to treat supra ventricular tachycardia?

Answer 4

Adenosine
** Valsalvar manoeuvre usually attempted first **

Question 5

What drug has a variety of uses particularly during anaphylaxis (dose used for anaphylaxis as well)?

Answer 5

Adrenaline (500 micrograms)

Question 6

What are the three main types of diuretics?

Answer 6

• Loop
• Potassium sparing
• Thiazide

Question 7

What are the two main classes of potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 7

• Aldosterone antagonists
• Epithelial sodium channel blockers

Question 8

What are two types of aldosterone antagonists?

Answer 8

• Spironolactone
• Epleronone

Question 9

What are two examples of loop diuretics?

Answer 9

• Furosemide
• Bumetanide

Question 10

How do loop diuretics work?

Answer 10

Na-K-Cl cotransporter
** Prevent Na and K reabsorption **

Question 11

What are two examples of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 11

• Bendroflumethiazide
• Indapamide

Question 12

What medication is often used for mild dyspepsia/ indigestion/ gord?

Answer 12

Antacids (e.g. gaviscon)
** PPIs used if more severe or good diagnosed via endoscopy **

Question 13

What medication is used to decrease uric acid levels in the blood (often used for gout)?

Answer 13

Allopurinol

Question 14

When else is allopurinol used?

Answer 14

Beginning of chemo due to his uric acid levels following tumour lysis syndrome

Question 15

What medication is used for gout flares?

Answer 15

• 1st = NSAIDs
• Colchicine (if NSAIDs contraindicated)

Question 16

What are alpha blockers used for (2)?

Answer 16

• BPH
• Hypertension

Question 17

What are two examples of alpha blockers?

Answer 17

• Tamsulosin
• Doxazosin

Question 18

What are different types of DMARD?

Answer 18

• Methotrixate
• Azathioprine
• Hydroxycholoroquine
• Aminosalicylates (sulfasalazine, mesalazine - not absorbed so used for uc/ crohns)
• Biologics (e.g. infliximab)

Question 19

What drug can be used for a number of irregular heart rhythms?

Answer 19

Amiodarone

Question 20

What is the first line drug for hypertension?

Answer 20

• Over 55 or black/ afrocarribean = CCB
• Under 55 or type 2 diabetes = ACE-i

Question 21

What are 3 examples of an ACE inhibitor?

Answer 21

• Ramipril
• Lisinopril
• Perindopril

Question 22

What are 4 examples of CCBs?

Answer 22

• Amlodipine
• Verapamil
• Nifedipine
• Diltiazem

Question 23

What drug can be used instead of ACE-i?

Answer 23

Angiotensin receptor blocker

Question 24

Give 2 examples of an ARB?

Answer 24

• Candesartan
• Losartan

Question 25

What drug is used after ACE-i and CCBs have been used?

Answer 25

Diuretics (often thiazide)

Question 26

What are 3 examples of SSRIs (antidepressants)?

Answer 26

• Fluoxetine
• Citalopram
• Sertraline

Question 27

What are two examples of tricyclic antidepressants?

Answer 27

• Amitriptyline
• Lofepramine

Question 28

What two other drugs are commonly prescribed for anxiety and depression?

Answer 28

• Venlafaxine
• Mirtazapine