GP

Question 1

What are some side effects of topical steroids (3)?

Answer 1

• Skin thinning/ atrophy
• Pigment alteration
• Striae

Question 2

What are the 4 strengths of topical steroids?

Answer 2

• Mild
• Moderate
• Potent
• Very potent

Question 3

What is an example of each strength topical steroid?

Answer 3

• Mild = Hydrocortisone
• Moderate = betamethasone
• Potent = beclometasone
• Very potent = clobetasol
  This is generally, however the specific compound will change strength

Question 4

What can cause continuous dizziness/ vertigo in those with viral infections?

Answer 4

Vestibular neuritis

Question 5

What is it called when vestibular neuritis is associated with hearing loss as well?

Answer 5

Labarynthitis

Question 6

What can cause hearing loss and tinnitus and sudden attacks of vertigo?

Answer 6

Ménière’s disease

Question 7

What can cause vertigo attacks with changes in head position?

Answer 7

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Question 8

How is vestibular neuritis and labarynthitis treated?

Answer 8

Cyclizine (antihistamine)

Question 9

How is BPPV treated?

Answer 9

Epley manoeuvre

Question 10

How is Ménière’s disease treated for acute attacks (2)?

Answer 10

• Prochlorperazine
• Antihistamine (e.g. cyclizine)

Question 11

What is a prophylaxis for Meniers disease?

Answer 11

Betahistine

Question 12

What are some causes of alopecia?

Answer 12

• Pattern hair loss (ageing)
• Infection (e.g. ringworm, cellulitis)
• Trauma (e.g. traction alopecia)
• Alopecia areata (autoimmune)

Question 13

What is a lack of interest/ enjoyment/ pleasure called?

Answer 13

Anhedonia

Question 14

What is locked in syndrome?

Answer 14

When almost all voluntary muscles are paralysed but the person is aware and mentally intact

Question 15

What causes locked in syndrome?

Answer 15

Damage to the brain stem/lower brain

Question 16

What is age related loss of muscle mass and strength known as?

Answer 16

Sarcopenia

Question 17

What is bronchiectasis?

Answer 17

Permanent bronchial dilation due to irreversible damage to the bronchial wall

Question 18

What are some risk factors/ causes of bronchiectasis?

Answer 18

• Post infection
• Chronic lung pathology (e.g. CF, COPD)

Question 19

What is polymyalgia rheumatic?

Answer 19

Pain, stiffness, inflammation of muscles around shoulder and pelvic girdle

Question 20

How is polymyalgia rheumatica treated?

Answer 20

Steroids (prednisolone)

Question 21

What is polymyalgia rheumatica associated with?

Answer 21

Giant cell arteritis

Question 22

What is a pilonidal cyst caused by?

Answer 22

A hair follicle that gets stuck in the skin

Question 23

Where do pilonidal cysts commonly form?

Answer 23

Around the tail bone/ between the cheeks of the buttocks

Question 24

What is functional neurological disorder?

Answer 24

A functional (no known organic process) disorder whereby neurological symptoms are experienced

Question 25

What sort of neurological symptoms are experienced in those with FND?

Answer 25

• Weakness
• Movement disorders
• Sensory disturbances (e.g. parasthesia)
• Blackouts/ dissociative seizures

Question 26

What is allodynia?

Answer 26

Pain caused by a stimulus that doesn’t usually cause pain

Question 27

How can you tell if there is an infection in or under the skin?

Answer 27

It is red, shiny and swollen!!

Question 28

How can severe eczema/ psoriasis that doesn’t respond to typical treatments be treated?

Answer 28

DMARDS e.g. methotrexate

Question 29

How is eczema typically treated (3)?

Answer 29

• Emollients
• Topical corticosteroids
• Topical pimecrolimus/ tacrolimus

Question 30

How is psoriasis treated?

Answer 30

Topical corticosteroids = first line