most notable ancient Greek philosophers Flashcards
He believed that the ultimate composition of all things is water
Thales
-agreed that everything comes from a single, basic material
-his view is that all things are created and emerged from an indefinite and boundless realm called apeiron
Anaximander
-believed that it is air that makes up all things and that different elements and substances are merely different phases of air
-considered air as the source of all life
Anaximenes
-he was credited with the formulation of the Pythagorean theorem
-he established a community of learners who were devoted to the study of religion and study of religion and philosophy
Pythagoras
-he proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan, which he called logos
-change is a permanent aspect of the human condition
Heraclitus
He devoted himself to studying the causes of natural phenomena, He was among the first to propose that matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms
Democritus
-he was known advocate of a simple and virtuous life
-his teaching and views were later developed by his followers and influenced the development of cynicism
Diogenes of Sinope
-simple living
-believed that philosophy could enable man to live of happiness
-Epicureanism
Epicurus
believed that philosophy could enable a man to live a life of virtue
Socrates
-a means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic
Socratic method (socrates)
ideas include his theory of forms, which proposes that everything that exists is based on an idea or template that can only be perceived in the mind
Plato
A method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge
Dialectic (plato)
He pioneered the use of mathematics to analyze natural phenomena
Archimedes
-gave rise to deductive reasoning
-like plato, founded his own school called the Lyceum
Aristotle
