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Mosier Test > Mosier Test 1 > Flashcards

Mosier Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The blood Brain barrier is created by?

A

Astrocytes

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2
Q

The blood brain barrier allows passage of?

A

Small lipophilic molecules such as Scopalamine. Prevents passage of large charged molecules, such as glycopyrolate

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3
Q

Myelin is produced by? Where?

A

Schwann cells.

In the PNS

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4
Q

MS is a demyelinating disease in the PNS or CNS

A

CNS. Slows conduction among the demyelinated nerves

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5
Q

What are the three main components of the CNS

A

Blood- 5-10%

Brain

CSF 10-15%

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6
Q

Afferent impulses travel where?

A

Toward the brain

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7
Q

Efferent impulses travel where?

A

Away from the brain

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8
Q

What is the function of the Thalamus?

A

Processing center for sensory information

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9
Q

What is the function of the Hypothalamus?

A

Is the Captain of the autonomic nervous system

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10
Q

Brainstem controls?

A

Respiration and cardiovascular function

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11
Q

What are the different Meninges layers?

A

Pia Mater- Adheres to the brain

Arachnoid Mater- middle layer and contains CSF

Dura Mater- outer layer- 2 layers- form the venous sinuses.

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12
Q

Where is an epidural Hematoma located and what kind of bleed?

A

Between the skull and dura mater. Primarily arterial bleed - Meningeal

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13
Q

Where is a Subdural Hematoma and what kind of bleed?

A

Between the dura and subarachnoid space. Venous bleed- bridging veins

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14
Q

Where is a subarachnoid Hematoma and what kind of bleed?

A

between subarachnoid membrane and Pia mater. Aneurysm.

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15
Q

Where is cerebral spinal fluid created? What is its function? Absorbed where?

A

Choroid Plexus

Surrounds and cushion the CNS.

Absorbed via venous sinuses

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16
Q

Cranial Nerve 7. What is it and what does it innervate? When is it monitored most (Surgery)

A

Facial Nerve

Innervates muscles of expression, Obicularis Occuli,

Parotid Surgery

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17
Q

Cranial Nerve 9? What is it and what does it innervate?

A

Glossopharyngeal. Innervates Baroreceptors of the Carotid Sinus and posterior oral mucosa (gag reflex) and some of the muscles of the pharynx (swallowing)

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18
Q

What is Cranial Nerve 10? What does stimulation of the cardiac branches of the Vagus nerve cause? What does stimulation of the pulmonary branches of the Vagal nerve cause?

A

Vagus Nerve.

Bradycardia

Bronchoconstriction

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19
Q

Superior Laryngeal Nerve is a branch of what? what does it innervate and what are the symptoms if it is damaged?

A

Branch of the Vagus nerve.

Innervates the Cricothyroid muscle.

Can be damaged during thyroid surgery.

Results in abnormal voice

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20
Q

The Crycothyroid muscle is the only __________ muscle

A

adductor

21
Q

The RLN is a branch of what? What does it innervate? What can B/l RLN damage cause.

A

branch of the Vagus nerve.

Innervates the abductor muscles of the vocal cords.

B/L damage of the RLN can cause an airway emergency.

Can also be damaged during thyroid surgery

22
Q

Oligodendocytes produce the myelin sheath around the axons in what?

A

CNS

23
Q

The Nuerolemma does what?

A

Allows for potential regeneration of damaged axons in the PNS

24
Q

What are Glioblastomas?

A

Very aggressive tumors neuroglia in the CNS

25
Q

What does damage to the frontal lobe of the brain cause?

A

Behavioral changes

26
Q

The occipital lobe is considered the _________ center of the brain.

A

Visual

27
Q

The Cerebellum is responsible for ________ and ________ motor control

A

coordination; fine

28
Q

Arterial supply of the brain comes from the __________ and _________ arteries

A

b/l Carotid and Vertebral arteries

29
Q

The carotid and vertebral arteries feed into the _________ ___ ______

A

Circle of Willis

30
Q

The carotid arteries branch to form the _________ and __________ arteries

A

middle and anterior cerebral arteries

31
Q

Right carotid artery arises from the __________ artery. Both vertebral arteries arise from the __________artery

A

innominate; subclavian

32
Q

Solid spinal chord ends at the _________ __________ around the level of ________ in adults. Conus Medularis is tethered to the coccyx by the _________ _________

A

Conus Medularis; L1/L2;Filum Terminale

33
Q

Cauda Equina consists of the spinal nerve pairs from _______, the _______ nerve ,and the _________ nerve

A

L2-L5; sacral; coccygeal

34
Q

The conus medularis does not remain at the the level of L1-L2 from the first trimester of life throughout adulthood. It stay down in the ________ in early life

A

Sacrum

35
Q

Internueron cell bodies are located in the ________ ______ of the Spine and connect the _________ and ________ neurons and are responsible for _________ movements to stimuli

A

Dorsal Horn; sensory and motor; reflex

36
Q

The ventral roots are the ________ fibers, while the dorsal roots _________ fibers

A

motor; sensory

37
Q

Cervical Spinal Nerves 1-7 exit from ________ there respected vertebral bodies. Cervical spinal nerve 8 exits from _______ c-7. The remaining spinal nerves emerge from the spinal chord _______ the same number vertebral body

A

above; below; below

38
Q

Dermatones Levels

T6

T4
T10

A

T6 Level of the Xyphoid process

T4 Level of the Nipples

T10 Level of the Belly Button

39
Q

The Phrenic Nerve is located at C_ through C_ and is the sole ________ supply of the diaphragm. B/l Phrenic nerve injury will lead to _________ failure. Phrenic nerve is frequently blocked during an ___________ block.

A

C3 thru C5; motor; respiratory; interscalene

40
Q

The anterior spinal artery arises from the _________ arteries and extends to the _________ __________

A

vertebral; conus medularis

41
Q

Posterior spinal artery arises from the _________ arteries and extends to the _________ _________

A

vertebral; conus medularis

42
Q

Brachial Plexus injuries can arise from improper placement of the _____

A

arms.

43
Q

The _______ nerve can be damaged from improper positions of the arm. _________ arms must have ________ hands

A

ulner; abducted; supinated

44
Q

________ ________ nerve can be damaged from improper positioning of the leg during surgery.

A

Common Peroneal

45
Q

The _________ nerve provides sensory innervation to the __________ thigh and provides ________ innervation to the _________ muscles

A

femoral; anterior; quadriceps

46
Q

Motor Innervation to the leg below the knee is provided by the _________ nerve

A

Sciatic

47
Q

The _________ spinal tract carries sensory impulses to the brain and have _________ order neurons that originate in the periphery and terminate in the spinal chord. Second order neurons will ________ in the spinal chord and terminate in the __________. Third order ________ in the thalamus to the _________ ______

A

Ascending; first; ascend, thalamus; ascend; cerebral cortex

48
Q

Descending spinal tracts carry sensory information ______ from the brain. Upper motor neurons originate in the brain and terminate in the spinal chord and Have _______ motor neuron that originate in the _______ ______ and terminate in the lower ______ _______ ______

A

away; Spinal Chord; Neuro motor junction

49
Q

Baroreceptors are a type of ________ receptor

Nocioceptors detect ________ and ________ to tissue and are _________ or _________.

A

Mechanical

Pain and damage to tissue
Physical or chemical

Mosier Test (3 decks)

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