Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ACS > Mosby 11 > Flashcards

Mosby 11 Flashcards

1
Q 
Exophthalamos EXTERNAL
What is it?
Most common cause? Unilateral?
Subjective?
Objective?
A

Bulging of an eye
Graves, retro-orbital tumor
Eye dislocation
Eye dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Episcleritis EXTERNAL
What is it?
Cause?
Subjective?
Objective?
A

Inflammation of the superficial layers of the sclera anterior to the insertion of the rectus musclesIdiopaty (can be autoimmune and many others)
Discomfort, photophobia, painless injection, watery discharge
Watery discharge, injection of the bulbar conjuctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q 
Band Keratopathy
What is it?
Population?
Subjective?
Objective?
A

Deposition of calcium in the superficial cornea
Associated with chronic corneal disease, hypocalcemia, hyperparathyrodism
Loss of vision, foreign body sensation and irritation
Line below the pupil cross, grayish bands with dark areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q 
Corneal Ulcer EXTERNAL
What is it?
Association?
Bacterial vs. Viral?
Increased risk with?
Objective?
A

Disruption of the corneal epithelium and stroma
Connective tissue disease (SS, SLE) or vascular or viral infection or dessecation
Previously intact / Damaged
Lenses
Visual acuity changes, inflammation of lids and conjuctiva, purulent exudates, often round grey sharp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Strabismus EXTRAOCULAR
What is it?
Cause
Subjective?
Objective?
A

Both eyes do not focus on an object simultaneously, but can focus with either eye
Paralytic, ICP, nonparalytic
Poor vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Horner’s syndrome INTERNAL
What is it?
Triad?

A

Interruptiuon of sympathetic nerve supply to eye

Miosis, anhydrosis, and ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Cataracts INTERNAL
What is it?
Cause?
Central/Peripheral cause?
Subjective?
A

Opacity in lens
Denaturation of proteins in lens 2/2 aging
Aging / Hypoparathyrodism
Blurry vision, faded colors, things may appear too bright, poor night vision, double vision, frequent perscription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Diabetic retinopathy (background) INTERNAL
What is it?
Cause for soft/hard exudates?
Subjective?
Objective?
A

Dot hemorrhages or microaneurysms and the presence of hard and soft exudates
Infarction of nerve / lipid exudate
Blurry vision, distortion, visual changes
Baloon-like sacs, hemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diabetic retinopathy (proliferative) INTERNAL
What is it?
Cause?
Result?

A

Development of new vessels as a result of anoxi stimulation
Blood vessels grow towards vietrous humor (but lack supporting structures and may hemorrhage)
Blindness 2/2 hemorrhage
Floaters, blurred vision or progressive acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
Lipemia Retinalis INTERNAL
Cause?
Association?
Presentation?
Objective
A

Triglycerides +2000mg/dL
Diabetic ketoacidosis & hyperlippidemia
Elevated serum triglycerides levels
No vision complaints
Vessels appear salmon-pink, then become whitish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Retinitis Pigmentosa INTERNAL
What is it?
Subjective
Objective

A

AR disorder in which genetic defects cause cell deaths, predominantly in rod photoreceptors
Night blindness
Narrowing of arteriiols, “bone spicule”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Glaucoma INTERNAL
What is it?
Association?
Subjective chronic/acute?
Objective?
A

Disease of optic nerve where cells die producing “specific appearance of optic nerve”
Increased intraocular pressure
Chronic: Gradual loss of vision
Acute: Intense pain, blurred vision, red eye, dilated pupil
Optic nerve damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chorioretinal inflammation INTERNAL
Cause?
Objective?
Subjective?

A

Laser therapy for diabetic retinopathy also infectious
Cats?
Sharply defined lesion, withish/yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Visual field defect VISUAL FIELDS
What is it?
Causes

A

Defective vision or blindness in a single eye

Degenerative, infraction, pressure on optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Retinoblastoma
What is it?
Population?
Objective?

A

Malignant tumor from retina
First 2 years
White reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Retinopathy of prematurity
What is it?
Result?

A

Disruption of normal progression of retinal vascular development in preterm infant
Abnormal proliferation of blood vessels - ambylopia, retinal detachment, blindness

17
Q

Retinal Hemorrhages in infancy

Cause

A

Shaken-baby syndrome

18
Q

How Drusen bodies are evaluated?
What are they
Cause

A

Yellow spots remnant of axons
Amsler grid
Aging

19
Q

Eye hemorrhages
Dot
Flame
Boat

A

Deep retina, DM, leak of capillary and venules
Superficial retina, ischemic leakage, arterioal or venous
Interface of retina and viterous fluid, high enough pressure to burst through

20
Q

Finding: myelinated retinal nerve fibers

A

White area, ill-deined margins, no pigment (ddx from chorioret)

21
Q

Finding: papiledema

A

Loss of optic disc margin

Caused by ICP. Initially, no change in vision.

22
Q

Finding: glaucomatous optic nerve head cupping

A

Raised margins

Increased intraocular pressure w/ loss of nerve fibers and death of ganglion cells. Peripheral visual fields are constricted.

23
Q

Grades of retinopathy

Keith-Wagner-Baker

A

None
Mild - arterial narrowing, venous nicking, risk of stroke CHD
Moderate - hemorrhage, cotton-wool, microaneurysm - stroke, congitive decline
Severe - above+papiledema, needed for HTN meds

24
Q

Ectropion

Consequences

A

Lack of draining

25
Q

Entropion

Consequences

A

Infections

26
Q

Conjuctiva symptoms

A

Erythemtous (allergy)
Acute purulent conjuctivits
Subconjuctival hemorrhage
Pterygium (ultraviolet light)

27
Q

Decreased cornea sensation

A

Herpes Simplex

28
Q

Miosis BILATERAL

Cause

A

Pilocarpine (for glaucoma)

Drugs

29
Q

Mydriasis BILATERAL

Cause

A

Cycloplegic drops (atropine)
CNIII damage
Acute angle glaucoma
Drugs

30
Q

Failure to constrict pupil BILATERAL

Cause

A

Retinal degenration
CN II destruction
Impairment in parasympathetics

31
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil BILATERAL

Cause

A 
Mitotis
Irregulary shaped
Fail to constrict
Remain constricted
Neurosyphilis
32
Q

Anisocoria UNILATERAL

Cause

A

Unequal pupil size

Congenital or eye meds

33
Q

Iritis constrictive response UNILATERAL

A

Acute uveitis

Constriction+Redness

34
Q

CNIII dmg UNILATERAL

A

Ptosis

Lateral downward displace

35
Q

Cystitis cystics

histology

A

Lamina propia with urothelium
Possible gland
Benign

ACS (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions