Mortality and Fertility Flashcards
Include all countries in Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), and Latin America and the Caribbean, and the regions of Melanesia, Micronesia, and
Polynesia.
Less developed countries
The number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year. Not to be confused with the growth rate.
Birth rate (or crude birth rate)
The composition of a population as determined by the number or proportion of males and females in each age category. This structure of a population is the cumulative
result of past trends in fertility, mortality, and migration.
Age-sex structure
True or False: Fertility is usually expressed using the proxy measure of birth rate, either crude or standardized for age and sex.
True
The average number of additional years a person of a given age could expect to live if current mortality trends were to continue for the rest of that person’s life. Most commonly cited as life expectancy at birth.
Life expectancy
Mortality
Deaths as a component of population change.
The rate at which a population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths, expressed as a percentage of the base
population.
Rate of natural increase
A dramatic increase in fertility rates and in the absolute number of births. In the United States this occurred during the period following World War II (1946 to 1964).
Baby boom
Zero population growth
A population in equilibrium, with a growth rate of zero, achieved when
births plus immigration equal deaths plus emigration. Zero growth is not to be confused with
replacement level fertility.
The number of persons added to (or subtracted from) a population in a year due to natural increase and net migration; expressed as a percentage of the population at the beginning of the time period
Growth rate
The net effect of immigration and emigration on an area’s population in a given time period, expressed as an increase or decrease.
Net migration
Include all countries in Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.
More developed countries
True or False: The human female is generally fertile from early teens to about mid-forties. The human male generally remains fertile throughout adulthood, though sperm count and quality diminish from middle-age onward.
True
A bar chart, arranged vertically, that shows the distribution of a population by age and sex. By convention, the younger ages are at the bottom, with males on the left and females on the right.
Population pyramid
The number of deaths per 1,000 population in a given year.
Death rate (or crude death rate)
