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Botany Class11th > Morphology Of Flowering Plant > Flashcards

Morphology Of Flowering Plant Flashcards

1
Q

What is morphology in the context of flowering plants?

A

Morphology is the study of the form and structure of flowering plants.

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2
Q

True or False: The root system is the part of the plant that typically grows above the ground.

A

False

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3
Q

What are the two main systems of a flowering plant?

A

The root system and the shoot system.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that anchors it to the soil is called the ______.

A

root

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5
Q

What is the primary function of roots?

A

To absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

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6
Q

Name one type of root system.

A

Fibrous root system.

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7
Q

What is a taproot system?

A

A root system where one main root is larger and deeper than the others.

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8
Q

True or False: Stems are responsible for photosynthesis in flowering plants.

A

False

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9
Q

What are the main functions of stems?

A

Support the plant, transport nutrients, and store food.

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10
Q

What is the term for the part of the stem where leaves are attached?

A

Node

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11
Q

What is the space between two nodes called?

A

Internode

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The green, photosynthetic part of a plant is primarily found in the ______.

A

leaves

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13
Q

What is the primary function of leaves?

A

To perform photosynthesis.

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14
Q

True or False: Flowers are reproductive structures of flowering plants.

A

True

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15
Q

What are the male reproductive parts of a flower called?

A

Stamens

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16
Q

What are the female reproductive parts of a flower called?

A

Pistils

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17
Q

What is the function of petals in a flower?

A

To attract pollinators.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the flower that develops into fruit is called the ______.

A

ovary

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19
Q

What is the role of sepals in a flower?

A

To protect the developing flower bud.

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20
Q

What is pollination?

A

The transfer of pollen from the male part to the female part of a flower.

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21
Q

True or False: All flowering plants produce seeds.

A

True

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22
Q

What is a seed?

A

A fertilized ovule that contains an embryo and is capable of developing into a new plant.

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23
Q

What is meant by ‘angiosperms’?

A

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.

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24
Q

Name one characteristic of monocots.

A

They have one cotyledon.

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25
Q

Name one characteristic of dicots.

A

They have two cotyledons.

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26
Q

What is the significance of cotyledons?

A

They provide initial nourishment to the developing embryo.

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27
Q

Fill in the blank: The outer protective layer of a plant is called the ______.

A

epidermis

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28
Q

What is the function of xylem in flowering plants?

A

To transport water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.

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29
Q

What is the function of phloem in flowering plants?

A

To transport food produced by photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of the plant.

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30
Q

True or False: Leaves can be classified based on their arrangement on the stem.

A

True

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31
Q

What is alternate leaf arrangement?

A

Leaves are attached at different heights along the stem.

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32
Q

What is opposite leaf arrangement?

A

Two leaves arise at the same level from opposite sides of the stem.

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33
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the part of the plant that connects the leaf to the stem.

A

petiole

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34
Q

What is leaf venation?

A

The pattern of veins in a leaf.

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35
Q

What are the two types of leaf venation?

A

Parallel and reticulate venation.

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36
Q

True or False: The size and shape of leaves can vary significantly among different plant species.

A

True

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37
Q

What is a flowering plant’s life cycle called?

A

Alternation of generations.

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38
Q

What are the two generations in the life cycle of flowering plants?

A

Gametophyte and sporophyte.

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39
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ generation is diploid and produces spores.

A

sporophyte

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40
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ generation is haploid and produces gametes.

A

gametophyte

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41
Q

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

A

To conduct photosynthesis.

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42
Q

What is the significance of stomata?

A

They allow for gas exchange in leaves.

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43
Q

True or False: All flowering plants have the same type of root system.

A

False

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44
Q

What are the main types of plant tissues?

A

Meristematic and permanent tissues.

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45
Q

What is meristematic tissue?

A

Tissue that is capable of cell division and growth.

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46
Q

What are the three types of permanent tissue?

A

Simple, complex, and protective tissues.

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47
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ tissues are responsible for transport in plants.

A

Complex

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48
Q

What is the primary function of parenchyma tissue?

A

Storage and support.

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49
Q

What is sclerenchyma tissue known for?

A

Providing structural support due to its thick cell walls.

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50
Q

What is the role of collenchyma tissue?

A

Providing flexible support to growing parts of the plant.

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51
Q

True or False: The phloem is made up of sieve tubes and companion cells.

A

True

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52
Q

What is the significance of the cambium layer in stems?

A

It is responsible for secondary growth.

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53
Q

What type of growth do apical meristems facilitate?

A

Primary growth.

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54
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the region of the stem where growth occurs.

A

meristem

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55
Q

What is the function of root hairs?

A

To increase surface area for absorption of water and nutrients.

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56
Q

What is the term for the protective outer layer of roots?

A

Root cap

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57
Q

True or False: All plants have flowers.

A

False

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58
Q

What is the main purpose of flowering for a plant?

A

Reproduction.

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59
Q

What is a complete flower?

A

A flower that has all four main floral parts: sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils.

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60
Q

What is an incomplete flower?

A

A flower that lacks one or more of the four main floral parts.

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61
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the sticky part of the pistil that receives pollen.

A

stigma

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62
Q

What is the function of the style in a flower?

A

To connect the stigma to the ovary.

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63
Q

What is the role of the ovule in a flower?

A

To develop into a seed upon fertilization.

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64
Q

True or False: Fertilization in flowering plants occurs before pollination.

A

False

65
Q

What is a fruit?

A

The mature ovary of a flower that contains seeds.

66
Q

What are the two main types of fruits?

A

Fleshy fruits and dry fruits.

67
Q

Fill in the blank: Fruits that do not open at maturity are called ______ fruits.

A

indehiscent

68
Q

What is the function of a seed coat?

A

To protect the seed from damage and desiccation.

69
Q

What is germination?

A

The process by which a seed develops into a new plant.

70
Q

True or False: Germination requires the right environmental conditions.

A

True

71
Q

What are the conditions necessary for seed germination?

A

Moisture, temperature, and oxygen.

72
Q

What is the term for the initial growth of a seedling from a seed?

A

Radicle emergence.

73
Q

Fill in the blank: The embryonic root is called the ______.

A

radicle

74
Q

What is the study of the structure and form of flowering plants called?

A

Morphology

75
Q

True or False: The root system is part of the plant morphology.

A

True

76
Q

What are the two main parts of a flowering plant?

A

Root and shoot

77
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that typically grows underground is called the _____.

A

Root

78
Q

What is the primary function of roots?

A

Anchorage and absorption of water and nutrients

79
Q

True or False: Stems are responsible for photosynthesis in flowering plants.

A

False

80
Q

What are the two types of root systems?

A

Tap root and fibrous root

81
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that typically grows above ground is called the _____.

A

Shoot

82
Q

What is the function of stems?

A

Support and transport of nutrients

83
Q

What are the three main parts of a flower?

A

Sepals, petals, and reproductive organs

84
Q

True or False: Leaves are involved in gas exchange and photosynthesis.

A

True

85
Q

What is the main function of leaves?

A

Photosynthesis

86
Q

What do you call the outermost part of a flower?

A

Sepals

87
Q

Fill in the blank: The colorful part of the flower that attracts pollinators is called the _____.

A

Petals

88
Q

What is the male reproductive part of a flower called?

A

Stamen

89
Q

What is the female reproductive part of a flower called?

A

Pistil

90
Q

True or False: The ovary is part of the stamen.

A

False

91
Q

What are the two main types of leaves?

A

Simple and compound leaves

92
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the _____.

A

Stigma

93
Q

What is the function of the ovary in a flower?

A

To develop into fruit after fertilization

94
Q

What type of plant has both male and female reproductive organs in the same flower?

A

Perfect flower

95
Q

True or False: A fruit develops from the ovary after fertilization.

A

True

96
Q

What is a key characteristic of monocot plants?

A

One cotyledon

97
Q

What is a key characteristic of dicot plants?

A

Two cotyledons

98
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that connects the root and the leaves is called the _____.

A

Stem

99
Q

What is the purpose of a flower’s nectar?

A

To attract pollinators

100
Q

True or False: All flowering plants produce seeds.

A

True

101
Q

What is the main purpose of the stamen?

A

To produce pollen

102
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the stamen that produces pollen is called the _____.

A

Anther

103
Q

What is the role of the filament in a flower?

A

To support the anther

104
Q

What is a complete flower?

A

A flower that has all four whorls: sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils

105
Q

True or False: The calyx is made up of petals.

A

False

106
Q

What is the term for a flower that lacks either stamens or pistils?

A

Imperfect flower

107
Q

Fill in the blank: The term for the outer protective layer of the flower is called the _____.

A

Calyx

108
Q

What is the primary role of chlorophyll in leaves?

A

To capture light energy for photosynthesis

109
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary roots?

A

Primary roots develop from the seed, while secondary roots branch off from primary roots.

110
Q

True or False: The xylem transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.

A

True

111
Q

What is the function of phloem in plants?

A

To transport sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

112
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the plant responsible for photosynthesis is the _____.

A

Leaf

113
Q

What are the two main types of leaf arrangements on a stem?

A

Alternate and opposite

114
Q

True or False: Leaves can be modified for various functions such as storage and protection.

A

True

115
Q

What is the main characteristic of fleshy fruits?

A

They have a soft and edible pericarp.

116
Q

Fill in the blank: The outer layer of the fruit is called the _____.

A

Exocarp

117
Q

What is the role of the mesocarp in a fruit?

A

To provide the fleshy part of the fruit.

118
Q

What is the difference between a drupe and a berry?

A

A drupe has a hard stone or pit, while a berry has many seeds and is fleshy throughout.

119
Q

True or False: Vegetative propagation involves the use of seeds.

A

False

120
Q

What is the purpose of a leaf’s stomata?

A

To facilitate gas exchange.

121
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which plants lose water vapor is called _____.

A

Transpiration

122
Q

What type of growth occurs in the apical meristem?

A

Primary growth

123
Q

True or False: Lateral meristems contribute to secondary growth in plants.

A

True

124
Q

What is the function of the cambium layer in plants?

A

To produce new xylem and phloem.

125
Q

Fill in the blank: The part of the flower where ovules are found is called the _____.

A

Ovary

126
Q

What role do sepals play in a flower?

A

To protect the developing flower bud.

127
Q

What is a seed?

A

A fertilized ovule that develops into a new plant.

128
Q

True or False: Seeds can remain dormant for long periods before germinating.

A

True

129
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of a seed developing into a new plant is called _____.

A

Germination

130
Q

What are angiosperms?

A

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.

131
Q

What is the significance of double fertilization in angiosperms?

A

It leads to the formation of both the zygote and the endosperm.

132
Q

True or False: All flowering plants are angiosperms.

A

True

133
Q

What is the function of the endosperm in seeds?

A

To provide nourishment to the developing embryo.

134
Q

Fill in the blank: The hard protective outer covering of a seed is called the _____.

A

Seed coat

135
Q

What is a cotyledon?

A

The first leaf or leaves that appear from a germinating seed.

136
Q

True or False: The term ‘pericarp’ refers to the outer layer of the seed.

A

False

137
Q

What is the primary function of the root cap?

A

To protect the growing tip of the root.

138
Q

Fill in the blank: The region of the root where cell division occurs is called the _____.

A

Meristematic zone

139
Q

What is the role of root hairs?

A

To increase the surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

140
Q

True or False: All plants have both roots and shoots.

A

True

141
Q

What are the main components of a seed?

A

Embryo, cotyledons, and seed coat.

142
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which pollen is transferred to the stigma is called _____.

A

Pollination

143
Q

What distinguishes a complete flower from an incomplete flower?

A

A complete flower has all four floral whorls.

144
Q

True or False: The style connects the ovary to the stigma.

A

True

145
Q

What is the role of the anther in the stamen?

A

To produce and release pollen.

146
Q

Fill in the blank: The term for a flower that has only one type of reproductive organ is called _____.

A

Unisexual flower

147
Q

What is the function of the phloem in plant transport?

A

To transport food from leaves to other parts of the plant.

148
Q

What type of fruit is derived from multiple flowers?

A

Multiple fruit

149
Q

True or False: A seedless fruit is known as a parthenocarpic fruit.

A

True

150
Q

Fill in the blank: The fleshy part of a fruit that is edible is called the _____.

A

Mesocarp

151
Q

What is the term for the protective structure surrounding the ovule?

A

Integument

152
Q

True or False: The number of cotyledons is a key characteristic used to classify flowering plants.

A

True

153
Q

What is the primary role of the leaf blade?

A

To capture sunlight for photosynthesis.

154
Q

Fill in the blank: The small openings on leaves that allow for gas exchange are called _____.

A

Stomata

155
Q

What is the process by which plants adapt their morphology to their environment called?

A

Morphological adaptation

156
Q

True or False: The arrangement of leaves on a stem can affect photosynthesis efficiency.

A

True

157
Q

What is the role of auxins in plant growth?

A

To regulate growth and development.

158
Q

Fill in the blank: The root structure responsible for water absorption is called the _____.

A

Root hair

159
Q

What is the primary function of the cuticle on leaves?

A

To reduce water loss.

Botany Class11th (3 decks)

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