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Derm > morphology and therapeutic basics > Flashcards

morphology and therapeutic basics Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

morphology

A

use of descriptors to accurately characterize and document skin lesions

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2
Q

primary lesion

A

initial lesion that occurs

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3
Q

secondary lesions

A

changes that occur due to time or manipulation

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4
Q

small, flat lesions < 1 cm are called

A

macules

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5
Q

cause of macule

A

color changes in epidermis or upper dermis

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6
Q
A

macule

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7
Q
A

macule

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8
Q

macule is confined to

A

epidermis

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9
Q

do macules contain fluid

A

no

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10
Q

secondary changes to macules

A

scale or crust

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11
Q

flat lesion >1 cm

A

patch

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12
Q
A

patch

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13
Q

location of psoriasis

A

likes to be on extensor surfaces (knees, elbows) back, gluteal cleft

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14
Q

skin colored lesion

A

refers to a lesion of the same color as the patients skin tone

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15
Q

plaque

A

raised lesions larger than 1 cm

you can feel them

cast a shadow with side lighting

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16
Q

a plaque is a proliferation of cells in ____ or superficial _____

A

epidermis

dermis

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17
Q
A

plaque

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18
Q
A

plaque

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19
Q

papule

A

raised lesions < 1 cm

a proliferation of cells in epidermis or superficial dermis

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20
Q

a larger deep papule is called a

A

nodule

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21
Q
A

papule

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22
Q
A

papule

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23
Q

a proliferation of cells down to the mid-dermis

A

nodule

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24
Q

raised area in skin where the overlying epidermis looks and feels normal, but there is a proliferation of cells in deeper tissues

A

nodule

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25
Q

nodule latin

A

small knot

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26
Q

distribution

A

location on the body

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27
Q

configuration

A

how the lesions are arranged or relate to each other

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28
Q

linear dermatomal configuration

A
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29
Q
A

shingles

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30
Q

vesicle

A

small fluid filled sac or cyst <1 cm

31
Q

a vesicle filled with pus

A

pustule

32
Q
A

pustule

33
Q
A

vesicle

34
Q

pus is made up of

A

leukocytes and a thin fluid called liquor puris “pus liquid”

35
Q

furuncle

A

pustule associated with a hair follicle

36
Q

abscess

A

pustule that is deep

37
Q

a superficial loss of the epidermis

A

erosion

38
Q

an erosion involving the dermis

A

ulcer

deeper wound and may see a scar

39
Q

_____ often heal with scarring, ____ usually do not

A

ulcers

erosions

40
Q

how do secondary lesions form

A

external forces - scratching, trauma, infection, healing process

41
Q

ex of raised lesions

A

papule

plaque

nodule

tumor

wheal

burrow

scar

42
Q

ex of flat lesions

A

macule

patch

43
Q

ex of depressed lesions

A

erosion

ulcer

atrophy

sinus

stria

44
Q

fluid filled lesion ex

A

vesicle

bulla

pustule

furuncle

abscess

45
Q

vascular lesions

A

telangiectasia

petechiae

ecchymosis

46
Q

bullae

A

larger version of a vescle

> 1 cm

47
Q

the efficacy of any topical medication is related to

A

the active ingredient (strength)

anatomic location

the vehicle (mode of transportation)

the concentration (of the medication)

48
Q

vehicle

A

how the treatment is transported

49
Q

ointments

A

greasy, some patients don’t like the mest

best on non hairy skin, away from erosion so it doesn’t sting

inherently stronger than creams or lotions

50
Q

creams

A

less greasy, can sting on open skin

51
Q

use for cream

A

intertriginous areas, minimal scale, patients who dislike thick ointment

52
Q

lotion

A

less greasy than creams,

consider use of face and hair areas

53
Q

use of oils/solutions

A

scalp

54
Q

gel

A

non-greasy, dry quickly, may sting

55
Q

use for gel

A

acne, scalp/hairy areas without matting

56
Q

foams

A

spread readily, may sting open areas

57
Q

use of foams

A

hairy areas, inflammation

58
Q

sprays

A

aersols are rarely used, good for scalps but may sting

59
Q

topical corticosteroids

A

reduce skin inflammation in many conditions

60
Q

whats more important - type of steroid or concentration?

A

steroid type

61
Q

intertriginous areas

A

skin areas that fold together like armpit or elbow

62
Q

main therapies used

A

creams and ointments

63
Q

class 1

A

super high potency - clobetasol

64
Q

class II

A

high potency - fluocinonide

65
Q

Class III - V

A

medium potency - triamcinolone

66
Q

class VI - VII

A

low potency - desonide and hydrocortisone

67
Q

look at the ___ of steroid not the ____

A

class

percentage

68
Q

when to use super high potency (class I)

A

severe dermatoses over nonfacial and nonintertriginous areas

scalp, palms, soles, thick plaques on extensor surfaces

69
Q

when to use medium to high potency (classes II - V)

A

milder conditions on trunk/extremeties or short periods for face and intertriginous sites

70
Q

when to use low potency steroids (classes VI, VII)

A

face, eyelid, genital, intertriginous areas

71
Q

side effects of topical steroids

A

skin atrophy

telangiectasias

striae

acne

steroid rosacea

hypopigmentation

72
Q

the higher the ____ the more likely side effects will occur

A

potency

73
Q

striae

A

strech mark

Derm (8 decks)

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