Morphology Flashcards
Names for all these confusing parts of grammar, like Latin's crowd of morphemes.
Free Morpheme
Morphemes that are meaningful by themselves
Eg, “cat”, “ball”
Bound Morpheme
Morphemes that aren’t meaningful by themselves
Eg, “-s”, “-est”
Derivational Morphemes
Bound morphemes that change the meaning or lexical category of a word
Eg, “-ary” which changes words to adverbs, “in-“ which changes words to their opposites
Inflectional Morphemes
Bound morphemes that don’t change the meaning or lexical category of a word
Eg, “-s” which only changes a word to its plural
Evidential Marker
Bound morphemes that convey information about source of information
Eg, “-gi” = “I hear”, “-i” = “I see”
Tense
A language’s ability to convey when something is happening without explicitly marking it (两天后)
Eg, “了” = “past/finished marker”
Aspect
了
Distinction between completed and ongoing
