Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Epigenetics > Morphogenesis > Flashcards

Morphogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is morphogenesis stimulated by?

A

Chemical factors-contc. extracellular matrix and mechanical factors- contact with other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the extra cellular, environmental cues that guide migrant cells?

A

Specific cell-surface receptor proteins (repelling or inviting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some intracellular cues?

A

inside the proteins are connected to actin and myosin cytoskeleton moving the cell along

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two important examples of guiding influence?

A

neurons in developing brain and cancer sells when they metastasize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is CXCR4?

A

A G-protein coupled receptor that influences chemotaxis and is dependent on an extracellular ligant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is CXCL12

A

Extracellular ligant that induces directional cell migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens with no CXCL?

A

Random blebbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the most important migrant cells

A

Those from neural crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What forms the neural tube?

A

Neural ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the survival factor that is involved with neural crest cell migration?

A

Endothelin-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can you detect Endothelin-3 mutation?

A

Undeveloped colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Kit?

A

Receptor tyrosine kinase, survival factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is Endothelin-3 produces?

A

in tissues along migration pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is Kit produced?

A

Cell surface of migrant cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the ligant for Kit?

A

Steel factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens with mutation in Kit?

A

Defect pigmentation

17
Q

What are cadherins?

A

cell-adhesion molecules, ca dependent

18
Q

What do different types of cadherins lead to?

A

Sorting out cells

19
Q

Apart from cell adhesion what is important in cell separation?

A

Active cell repelling

20
Q

What is convergent extension?

A

Active rearrangement by migrating cells

21
Q

What is planer polarity?

A

All cells pointing in a specific direction

22
Q

give an example of planer polarity defect

A

mutation in Flamingo gene that makes mice deaf because of different direction of hairs in inner ear

23
Q

From where did lung tissue originate?

A

Epithelial buds, foregut

24
Q

What needs to happen for formation of bronchial tree?

A

Invasion of mesenchyme

25
Q

What else apart from epithelial cells invade the mesenchyme?

A

endothelial cells from blood vessels

26
Q

What does branching morphogenesis depend on?

A

FGF and their receptor kinase

27
Q

How does FGF-10 work?

A

FGF-10 expressed n clusters of mesenchyme and the receptors on epithelial cells that way epithelial cells will grow towards mesenchymal

28
Q

What signal does the epithelial cell send to mesenchymal cells?

A

Sonic hedgehog (shh)

29
Q

What is then function of shh?

A

Inhibition of FGF10

30
Q

Give another example of morphogenesis directed by FGF10

A

Filopodia of tracheal tube in Drosophila

31
Q

What induces FGF expression in early development of flies?

A

D-V and A-P patterning systems

32
Q

What induces FGF expression in early development of flies?

A

hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)

33
Q

How are epithelial sheets converted in tubes?

A

Specific actin filament contractions connected by adherans junctions along an axis

34
Q

What is the name describing a fetal thymus that transplanted grows to its specific size?

A

Local intrinsic feedback

35
Q

Why is C elegans perfect to study growth?

A

Each individual generates same sequences of cell division and
cell death, ending up with same number of somatic cells

36
Q

How come that C elegans has all the cells after 3 days but didnt reach maturity yet?

A

Continues growth through endoreplication of genome, polyploidy

Epigenetics (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions