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POS Studying > Morells' Most Common > Flashcards

Morells' Most Common Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (addisons)

A

autoimmune, TB

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2
Q

Most common lab abnormalities in addisons

A

hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia

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3
Q

Most common cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency

A

exogenous steroid use

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4
Q

most common manfwstation of MEN I

A

hyperparathyroidism from hyperplasia

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5
Q

most common manifestation of MENII

A

medullary thyroid cacner

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6
Q

what is the most common precipitant of myxedema coma?

A

hypothermia, so suspect if you pulled someone out of the arctic! recall myedema coma is being very hypothyroid

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7
Q

what is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the hospitalized patient?

A

cancer

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8
Q

what is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in all comers?

A

primary hyperparathyroidism

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9
Q

most common cause of hypomagnesoiam

A

iatrogenic

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10
Q

what is the most common complication of TPN?

A

hepatic complication including cholestatis, steatosis, elevated LFTs, fibrosis, cirrhosis and irreverisble hepatic failure

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11
Q

what is the most dangerous complication of TPN

A

hyperglycemia, commonly caused by spesis

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12
Q

most common site of aortic laceration

A

distal to left subclavian artery

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13
Q

most common blunt organ injured in trauma

A

spleen

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14
Q

most common organ to be hurt in penetrating trauma

A

Small bowel, another place says liver..

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15
Q

most commonly injured cranial nerve injury

A

1

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16
Q

most common electrolyte abnormality after head injury

A

hyponatremia likely SIADH

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17
Q

most common cause of fetal death during trama

A

maternal death, hence all efforts go to saving mom

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18
Q

most common mediastinal malignancies?

A

neurogenic tumors like thymoms and lymphoma

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19
Q

most common anterior mediastinal mass

A

thymoma (thymic lesion)

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20
Q

most common cyst in middle compartment

A

pericardial cyst

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21
Q

most common complication with fracturs

A

pulmonary , wihch has decreased incidence with fixation

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22
Q

most common presentation of craniopharyngeal cancer is?

A

neck mass due to cervical mestastasis, and then unilateral nasal obstruction once it gets large

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23
Q

what is the most common facial fracture

A

nasal

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24
Q

what is the most common site of head and neck cacner?

A

SCC in the oral cavity, usually anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

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25
Q

what is the most common type of thyroid mass?

A

papillary mass is 70% of the time, which also has the best prognosis after total thyroidectomy

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26
Q

what is the most common skin cancer?

A

its not melanoma, its BCC. and its the Nodular form of BCC with the telengiectasia

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27
Q

what is the second most common cancer after BCC?

A

SCC
types are verrucous, ulverative
Tx is excision with 5-10mm margins

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28
Q

most common site of melanoma in men?

A

back

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29
Q

most common site of melanoma in women?

A

legs

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30
Q

what is the most common melanoma in the nails and toes?

A

acral lentigious- the melanoma that darker skinned peopled get. Very aggressive. men have worse prognosis than women

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31
Q

what is the most common type of melanoma overall?

A

superficial spreading - hence the ABCDE rule of melanoma ( assymetric, irrg border, colors, diameter over 6mm)

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32
Q

what is the most common hand infection in Canada?

A

paronychia - infection of the nail folds on the side of the finger

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33
Q

what is the most common cause of sepsis in burn patients?

A

pneumonia

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34
Q

most common infecting organism in burns patients

A

staph

35
Q

what nutrition do you need in burns

A

25kcal/kg as baseline then + 40kcal/ % TBSA ( curerri formula)
protein: 3g/ kg/day

36
Q

what do you add for burns inhalational for parkland?

A

you add 2cc/kg/%TBSA to the parkland formula ( aka they need more fluids)

37
Q

most common cancers that go to brain

A

lung, breast, kidney ( if youre a smoker get used ot the idea of cancer moving into your brain)

38
Q

most common cancer to bleed?

A

melanoma

39
Q

most common cause of air embolism

A

CVC line, esp with pump

40
Q

treatment of air embolism?

A

place patient head down, on their left side ( so that the air bubble goes into the right ventricle and we can breathe easy for a second)

41
Q

what is the most common cause of significant GI bleed?

A

duodenal ulcer

42
Q

most common cause of green/straw colored nipple discharge

A

FIbrocystic breast lesion - benign usually, cancerous in only 1%

43
Q

what is the most common benign breast lump in women?

A

fibroadenoma

44
Q

most common cause of breast mass after trauma

A

fat necrosis

45
Q

most common cause of bloody nipple discharge?

A

papilloma- a bening intraductal polyp that causes an issue , tx is just to excise the involved duct

46
Q

what is the most common met of breast cacner?

A

bone

47
Q

what is the most common type of breast cancer seen

A

invasive ductal (90%), then its invasive lobular at 10%. So the ducts undergo more cell turnover and are the higher source of cancer

48
Q

most common site of colon cancer metastasis?

A

liver

49
Q

most common type of colorectal polyp?

A

tubular villous adenoma, and anyways any polyp over 2cm has malignant potential

50
Q

what is the most common ovarian mass?

A

benign cystic teratoma

51
Q

what isthe leading cause of death in the ICU

A

MODS - multiorgan dysfunctin usually startginw ith ARDS or ALi

52
Q

most common source of of cardaic embolism?

A

L atrium

53
Q

most common cause of isolated aortic insufficiency

A

congential bicuspid valve, Marfans

54
Q

Most common cause of postop death?

A

cardiac complications,

this is followed by sepsis

55
Q

most common cause of AS

A

acquired, wither through rheumatic heart disease or degneration

56
Q

most common non surgical site infection in the postoperative patient

A

UTI

57
Q

most common cause of death from noscomial infection

A

pneumonia

58
Q

most common cause of Ceutzfeld jacob?

A

corneal transplant

59
Q

most common cause of sepsis in burns patients?

A

pneumonia

60
Q

most common cause of complication from immunosupression

A

bacterial infection

61
Q

what has the highest rate of infection post transplant?

A

pancreas

62
Q

what has the lowest rate of infection post transplant?

A

kidney. youre watching out for DNA viruses mostly including CMV

63
Q

most common skin infection bug in humans

A

staph viridans

64
Q

most common tumor post radiation

A

leukemia

65
Q

what is the most common lung cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

66
Q

what is the most common primary malignant tumor

A

osteosarcoma with over 50% of these people having a history of pagents

67
Q

most common type of hand tumor

A

endochondroma

68
Q

most common type of non hodkids lymphoma

A

diffuse large B cell

69
Q

most common complications of massive transfusion

A

1) dilutional thrombocytopenia - hence need to give plts aswell after 4-6 units
2) hypothermia
3) alkalosis because citrate gets converted to bicarb
citrate causes 4)hypoCA

70
Q

most common cause of cardiac arrest after massive transfusion

A

hypothermia causing VF

71
Q

most common disorders leading to procogulant states

A

Protein C and Factor V Leiden

72
Q

most common but cultured from UTI

A

proteus

73
Q

sepsis following blood transfuion is usually from what bug?

A

pseudomonas

74
Q

most common cause of febrile reaction following trasnfusion?

A

WBC alloantibodies

75
Q

most common life threatening issues from tracheostomy

A

accidental decannulation

76
Q

anterior cord syndrome means

A

you have decreased pain and motor below the level of the injury

77
Q

most common malignancy in men

A

prostate cancer, adenocarcinoma

78
Q

most common cause of SVC syndrome?

A

lung cancer

79
Q

best treatment for a fusibacterium infection?

A

flagyl

80
Q

splenectomy vaccination is for?

A

Hemophilus Influenza, meningococcus, psedomonas

81
Q

most common pediatric tumor of sympathetic nerve origin

A

neuroblastoma

82
Q

what is the most common extracellular ion?

A

Na

83
Q

what is the most common transport form of c02

A

carbonic acid

POS Studying (11 decks)

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