More terms to know Flashcards
grange
an organization of farmers who joined to learn about new farming techniques, to call for the regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates, and to prompt the establishment of the ICC
populist party
a political party formed in 1892 on a platform of silver coinage, government ownership of the railroads, and fighting the corrupt and unresponsive elite
william jennings bryan
the Democratic nominee for president in 1896, who supported many Populist principles including silver coinage, and who toured the country to speak directly to voters
william mckinley
the Republican candidate for president in 1896, who followed a traditional strategy of letting party workers campaign for him
progressivism
movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms
lincoln steffens
–muckraking author of Shame of the Cities; exposed corruption in urban government
jacob riis
muckraking photographer and author of How The Other Half Lives; exposed the condition of the urban poor
jane addams
leader in the settlement house movement
settlement house
community center that provided services for the urban poor
social gospel
belief that following Christian principles could bring about social justice
spoils system
a system in which politicians awarded government jobs to loyal party workers with little regard for their qualifications
civil service
government departments and their nonelected employees
pendleton civil service act
law that created a civil service system for the federal government in an attempt to hire employees on a merit system rather than on a spoils system
gold standard
–using gold as the basis of the nation’s currency
direct primary
–allowed voters to select candidates rather than having them selected by party leaders
referendum
–process that allows citizens to reject or accept laws passed by their legislature
recall
process by which voters can remove elected officials from office
temperance movement
aimed at stopping alcohol abuse and the problems created by it
sufferage
the right to vote
National american women sufferage association
group that worked on the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote
nineteenth amendment
–1919, constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote
throdore roosevelt
President who passed Progressive reforms and expanded the powers of the presidency.
square deal
–Roosevelt’s program to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor
hepburn act
–gave the Interstate Commerce Committee power to limit railroad company prices
meat inspection act
gave federal agents power to inspect and monitor the meatpacking industry
pure food and drug act
gave the federal government responsibility for insuring food and medicine are safe
new nationalism
–Roosevelt’s 1912 plan to restore the government’s trust-busting power
progressive party
–political party that emerged from the Taft-Roosevelt battle that split the Republican Party in 1912
woodrow wilson
Progressive Democrat elected President in 1912
new freedom
Wilson’s program to place strict government controls on corporations
sixteenth amendment
1913 constitutional amendment that gave Congress the power to impose a graduated income tax
federal reserve act
1913 law that placed the national banks under the control of a Federal Reserve Board
federal trade commision (FTC)
as created in 1914 to monitor businesses to prevent monopolies, false advertising, and dishonest labeling.
Clayton antitrust act
defined specific activities in which businesses could not engage protected unions from being defined as trusts, allowing them
muckraker
writer who uncovers and exposes misconduct in politics or business
initiative
process in which citizens put a proposed new law directly on the ballot
