More terms to know

Question 1

grange

Answer 1

an organization of farmers who joined to learn about new farming techniques, to call for the regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates, and to prompt the establishment of the ICC

Question 2

populist party

Answer 2

a political party formed in 1892 on a platform of silver coinage, government ownership of the railroads, and fighting the corrupt and unresponsive elite

Question 3

william jennings bryan

Answer 3

the Democratic nominee for president in 1896, who supported many Populist principles including silver coinage, and who toured the country to speak directly to voters

Question 4

william mckinley

Answer 4

the Republican candidate for president in 1896, who followed a traditional strategy of letting party workers campaign for him

Question 5

progressivism

Answer 5

movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms

Question 6

lincoln steffens

Answer 6

–muckraking author of Shame of the Cities; exposed corruption in urban government

Question 7

jacob riis

Answer 7

muckraking photographer and author of How The Other Half Lives; exposed the condition of the urban poor

Question 8

jane addams

Answer 8

leader in the settlement house movement

Question 9

settlement house

Answer 9

community center that provided services for the urban poor

Question 10

social gospel

Answer 10

belief that following Christian principles could bring about social justice

Question 11

spoils system

Answer 11

a system in which politicians awarded government jobs to loyal party workers with little regard for their qualifications

Question 12

civil service

Answer 12

government departments and their nonelected employees

Question 13

pendleton civil service act

Answer 13

law that created a civil service system for the federal government in an attempt to hire employees on a merit system rather than on a spoils system

Question 14

gold standard

Answer 14

–using gold as the basis of the nation’s currency

Question 15

direct primary

Answer 15

–allowed voters to select candidates rather than having them selected by party leaders

Question 16

referendum

Answer 16

–process that allows citizens to reject or accept laws passed by their legislature

Question 17

recall

Answer 17

process by which voters can remove elected officials from office

Question 18

temperance movement

Answer 18

aimed at stopping alcohol abuse and the problems created by it

Question 19

sufferage

Answer 19

the right to vote

Question 20

National american women sufferage association

Answer 20

group that worked on the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote

Question 21

nineteenth amendment

Answer 21

–1919, constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote

Question 22

throdore roosevelt

Answer 22

President who passed Progressive reforms and expanded the powers of the presidency.

Question 23

square deal

Answer 23

–Roosevelt’s program to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor

Question 24

hepburn act

Answer 24

–gave the Interstate Commerce Committee power to limit railroad company prices

Question 25

meat inspection act

Answer 25

gave federal agents power to inspect and monitor the meatpacking industry

Question 26

pure food and drug act

Answer 26

gave the federal government responsibility for insuring food and medicine are safe

Question 27

new nationalism

Answer 27

–Roosevelt’s 1912 plan to restore the government’s trust-busting power

Question 28

progressive party

Answer 28

–political party that emerged from the Taft-Roosevelt battle that split the Republican Party in 1912

Question 29

woodrow wilson

Answer 29

Progressive Democrat elected President in 1912

Question 30

new freedom

Answer 30

Wilson’s program to place strict government controls on corporations

Question 31

sixteenth amendment

Answer 31

1913 constitutional amendment that gave Congress the power to impose a graduated income tax

Question 32

federal reserve act

Answer 32

1913 law that placed the national banks under the control of a Federal Reserve Board

Question 33

federal trade commision (FTC)

Answer 33

as created in 1914 to monitor businesses to prevent monopolies, false advertising, and dishonest labeling.

Question 34

Clayton antitrust act

Answer 34

defined specific activities in which businesses could not engage protected unions from being defined as trusts, allowing them

Question 35

muckraker

Answer 35

writer who uncovers and exposes misconduct in politics or business

Question 36

initiative

Answer 36

process in which citizens put a proposed new law directly on the ballot