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Phys 3 final > more practice questions > Flashcards

more practice questions Flashcards

1
Q

the renal excretion rate for a solute is best described by what

A

filtration-reabsorption + secretion

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2
Q

what hormone is produced in response to renin release by the kidneys

A

angiotensin 2

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3
Q

which would increase both GFR and RBF

A

dilation of afferent arterioles

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4
Q

what can the kidney produce from alanine, glycerol and lactate

A

glucose

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5
Q

what hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates uptake of Ca from the intestines

A

1,25- (OH)2-cholecalciferol

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6
Q

normal plasma osmolarity of the ECF would be equal to what

A

300 mOsm/L

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7
Q

reabsorption by the kidney averages what quantity of tubular fluid/day

A

178.5 L/day

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8
Q

the average urine production in a day is equal to what

A

1.5 L/day

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9
Q

what effect does the efferent arterioles have on the glomerular capillary filtration pressure

A

keeps it constant along its length

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10
Q

in the kidney, where does all the filtration take place

A

glomerular capillaries

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11
Q

what nephrons are capable of concentrating the urine

A

juxtamedullary

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12
Q

urea transporters in the inner medullary collecting ducts are stimulated by what

A

ADH

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13
Q

what causes relaxation of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal sphincters, allowing the bladder to fill

A

stimulation of SNS

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14
Q

on average, what percent of body weight is due to extracellular fluid

A

20%

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15
Q

which contributes most to plasma osmolarity

A

plasma Na

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16
Q

if you experience a high water intake, what kind of fluid shift would you expect

A

shift from ECF to ICF, decrease in osmolarity

17
Q

which marker is best suited to measure plasma volume using indicator dilution

A

radioactive albumen

18
Q

what would cause a hyposmotic volume contraction associated with and increase in water loss>NaCl loss resulting in a decrease in ECF volume, increase in osmolarity, resulting in a shift in volume from ICF to ECF? There is no change in hematocrit

A

dehydration (sweating)

19
Q

what substance would have the highest clearance

A

para aminohippuric acid

20
Q

what best describes renal handling of albumen in the blood

A

not filtered and not secreted

21
Q

what is the physiologic significance of substance x with a clearance ratio >1

A

substance x is both filtered and secreted

22
Q

what is the physiologic significance of substance x with a clearance ratio >1

A

substance x is both filtered and secreted

23
Q

why is the most important function of the kidney the reabsorption of Na

A

Na reabsorption drives virtually all other solute reabsorption

24
Q

the majority of solute is reabsorbed in what portion of the nephron

A

proximal tubule

25
Q

what is the Tm for filtered glucose reached

A

plasma concentration of glucose first exceeds 350 mg/dL

26
Q

in the kidney, what is a physiologic function of urea

A

helps create osmotic gradient important in concentrating urin

27
Q

what is located on the luminal (apical) side of the tubular cell in the TAL that reabsorbs about 25% of the filtered Na

A

Na/K Cl transporter

28
Q

how does the TAL dilute the tubular fluid

A

by reabsorbing solute and impermeable to water

29
Q

what tubular cell in the late distal tubule is responsible for K reabsorption

A

a-intercalated cell

30
Q

what effect does a deficiency of insulin have on blood K concentration

A

hyperkalemia

31
Q

what effect does ADH have on the collecting duct

A

increased permeability to water

32
Q

a patient who is excessively vomiting is likely to develop what condition

A

metabolic alkalosis

33
Q

to compensate of metabolic alkalosis, what is an appropriate compensatory response

A

decreased ventilation

34
Q

what is an example of a fixed acid produced by breakdown of phospholipids

A

sulfuric acid

Phys 3 final (2 decks)

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