moral development Flashcards
what is morality?
understanding the difference between right and wrong
how did Piaget investigate moral development?
children had to make a judgement about the relative naughtiness of two boys
one had good intentions but made a large amount of damage
another had bad intentions, but only made a small amount of damage
what are moral realists?
children below 7
in the pre-operational stage
made judgements based on the scale of the damage
what are moral subjectivists?
children above 7
in the concrete operational stage
made judgements based on the intention of the protagonist
what happened in Kohlberg’s moral dilema?
-woman near death from cancer
-told there was a drug which might save her, but it was very expensive
-drug maker was costing 10x the amount it cost to make
-husband tried to get the money, but could only raise half
-drug maker would still not give him the drug
-so he broke into the pharmacy and stole it
what are Kohlberg’s three stages of morality?
preconventional morality
conventional morality
postconventional morality
what is preconventional morality divided into?
stage 1- punishment=wrong
stage 2- reward=right
what is conventional morality divided into?
stage 3= consider intentions
stage 4= obedience to authority
what is postcoventional morality divided into?
stage 5= morally vs legally right
stage 6= consider multiple views
what is prosocial behaviour?
selflessly helping others
what experiment showed that infants prefer those who help?
were shown a climber at rest at the bottom of a hill
shown that the climber was either helped or hindered as it tried to climb up the hill
infants were told to choose- majority chose the helper
what age do infants begin to engage in helping?
by 18 months
what is found about young infants and sharing?
children were given 4 stickers
asked how many they should share, and how many they will share
young children understand that it is right to share equally
but don’t follow these principles until 7-8 years
sharing is more costly than helping, and requires reasoned thought not intuition
what are the genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behaviour?
32% due to genetic influence
43% due to environmental influence
what are examples of environmental influences on antisocial behaviour?
parenting style
child attachment to parent
peer group influences
watching TV
what did Eron’s study about watching TV show about antisocial behaviour?
longitudnal study- 8 years old, 19 years old, 30 years old
children reported favourite TV shows/characters, how lifelike they thought they were, own violent tendencies, classmates violent tendencies
8 year old stating they liked violent programmes were rated as aggressive by peers, most aggressive children rated violent programmes as lifelike
correlated between the different ages
does watching violent TV cause aggression?
-either made children more aggressive in their play
-or desenitized the children
how can TV influence aggression?
by social learning theory
