moral development Flashcards
what is morality?
understanding the difference between right and wrong
how did Piaget investigate moral development?
children had to make a judgement about the relative naughtiness of two boys
one had good intentions but made a large amount of damage
another had bad intentions, but only made a small amount of damage
what are moral realists?
children below 7
in the pre-operational stage
made judgements based on the scale of the damage
what are moral subjectivists?
children above 7
in the concrete operational stage
made judgements based on the intention of the protagonist
what happened in Kohlberg’s moral dilema?
-woman near death from cancer
-told there was a drug which might save her, but it was very expensive
-drug maker was costing 10x the amount it cost to make
-husband tried to get the money, but could only raise half
-drug maker would still not give him the drug
-so he broke into the pharmacy and stole it
what are Kohlberg’s three stages of morality?
preconventional morality
conventional morality
postconventional morality
what is preconventional morality divided into?
stage 1- punishment=wrong
stage 2- reward=right
what is conventional morality divided into?
stage 3= consider intentions
stage 4= obedience to authority
what is postcoventional morality divided into?
stage 5= morally vs legally right
stage 6= consider multiple views
what is prosocial behaviour?
selflessly helping others
what experiment showed that infants prefer those who help?
were shown a climber at rest at the bottom of a hill
shown that the climber was either helped or hindered as it tried to climb up the hill
infants were told to choose- majority chose the helper
what age do infants begin to engage in helping?
by 18 months
what is found about young infants and sharing?
children were given 4 stickers
asked how many they should share, and how many they will share
young children understand that it is right to share equally
but don’t follow these principles until 7-8 years
sharing is more costly than helping, and requires reasoned thought not intuition
what are the genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behaviour?
32% due to genetic influence
43% due to environmental influence
what are examples of environmental influences on antisocial behaviour?
parenting style
child attachment to parent
peer group influences
watching TV
