Moon Flashcards
What is at the end of the axis
North and south poles
Earths rotation around an imaginary line going through the center of the planet
Earth’s axis of rotation
Earth rotates every ____ hours
24 hours
The sun’s ________ ____ causes earth to orbit the sun
Gravitational pull
Earth’s orbit is _____ million miles diameter
200
It takes Earth ______ to rotate around the sun
1 year
Earth rotates at a ___ degrees angle/tilt
23*
In January the earth it is __% closer to the sun
3%
Seasons:
- patterns in temperature and weather
- changes over the course of the year
Where do the largest temperature changes occur
North and South poles
Equinox:
When sunlight equally on northern and Southern Hemisphere
March and September 22
Solstice:
The area of sunlight is at a minimum in one hemisphere and a maximum in the other
September Equinox:
- sunlight is equal on the 2 spheres
- beginning of fall in the northern hemisphere
- beginning of spring in the Southern Hemisphere
December solstice:
- when the poles lean as far away from the sun during a year
- North Pole in darkness - winter
- South Pole in light - summer
March Equinox:
- half of the hemisphere is in sunlight
- sunlight is on center of the equator
- poles are at border between night and day
June solstice:
- longest day of the year
- first day of summer
- North Pole is toward the sun
- beginning of summer in northern hemisphere
Why do seasons change?
Change in sunlight shifts between hemispheres
How does light strike the ground?
- at a greater right angle
- sun low in the sky hits at a slant
- long shadows - less warmth (summer vs winter)
Earths axis:
Imaginary line that runs from the north and South Pole on with the earth rotates on
Farther from the equator =
Colder temperature
When we see moonlight is it actually…
Light being reflected off the moon’s surface
High tides and low tides are caused by…
The moon’s gravity
Does the moon pull the same amount of force?
No
-it pulls hardest on the side of earth nearest it
-less hard on the center of the earth
-even less hard on the other side of earth
(Causes the ocean’s tides to rise and fall)
It takes how long for a HIGH tide to occur?
6 hours
It takes how long for a LOW tide to occur?
8 hours
How many high and low tides are there per day?
2 high
2 low
New moon:
- spring tides H-H & L-L
- passes between earth and sun
First quarter:
- neap tides L-H & H-L
- 1 week
- 6 days
Waxing crescent:
- latin means to grow, develop, to increase
- increase of moon light
- 3 to 4 days
Waxing gibbous:
- latin means more than half
Full moon:
- Entirely illuminated
- moon rises just as the sun is setting
- sun rises when moon sets
- 2 weeks
How long does the lunar cycle last?
29.5 days
Waxing Gibbous:
- Latin meaning more then half
- loosing light instead of gaining
3rd quarter:
- last quarter
- neap tides occur
- L-H & H-L
Waiting crescent:
- 4th week
- illumination on left side
The distance form the moon to the sun is what?
240-250,000 miles
Do we see both sides of the moon?
No we only see the near side
Maria:
Dark areas on the moon
The moon doesn’t not have…
Air, water, clouds, life
Highlands:
Light areas on the moon do to be higher
What is the dark colored lava rock found on moons surface and below?
Basalt
How many layers of the moon?
3
Core
Mantle
Crust
How thick is the crust?
110 miles
Full of least dense rock
Solar eclipse:
When the moon passes directly over the sun
During new moons
Lunar eclipse:
The moon becomes dat because it passes in earths shadow
Total eclipse:
When the moon passed completely in the earths umbra
Umbra:
Darkest part of earth’s shadow
Penumbra:
Lighter part of earth’s shadow
The sun’s diameter is more then ____x greater the earth’s
100
The sun’s atoms combine during what process?
Nuclear fusion
Some of the sun’s energy reaches earth as…
Thermal energy and light
The movement of one object around another object
Revolution
The path a revolving object follows its…
Orbit
What does the force of gravity depend on?
The masses of the objects
Looking at earth from above the North Pole, earth rotates in what motion?
Counterclockwise
When the light shines on a tilted surface, the light is more ____________ than it would be on the surface that is not tilted
Spread out
Because of the tilt of earth’s axis, earth’s surface becomes more tilted as you move away from the ________
Equator
What regions on earth receive the least amount energy?
The poles
Earth’s season change in a yearly cycle because of the tilt of its rotation axis and earth’s _______ around the sun
Rotation
During a _______, earth’s rotation axis is the most toward or away from the sun
Solstice
Earth’s axis does not lean toward or away from the sun during an…
Equinox
September Equinox:
First day of fall in Southern Hemisphere
Equal amount of sunlight and darkness
March Equinox:
First day of spring in the northern hemisphere
Sunlight and darkness is equal
What rotation makes the sun appear to move across the sky
West to east
Earth’s rotation is almost…
Circular
Almost egg shaped
The light energy absorbed by a surface depends on…
The tilt of the surface
A beam of light becomes more spread out as…
The surface tilts away from it
Energy is carried to earth in…
A beam of sunlight
