Mood disorders in children Flashcards
Mental health marked by acheivement of milestones in
Cognition Emotional stability Socially acceptable coping skills Appropriate socialization within and outside the family
An emotional problem exists if behavioral manifestations…
Are not age appropriate
Deviate from cultural norms
Create deficits or impairments in
adaptive functioning
Majority of psych disorders in children are (what kind)
Anxiety disorders
Effects of environment and development
Environment and development may improve or worsen but in some disorders with identified genetic components (autism, bipolar, schiz., ADHD) may occur in “normal environments”.
General risk factors
Genetics
Biochemical
Pre and post natal: drugs, alcohol, toxins,infection, malnutrition, birth hypoxia, leadpoisoning, CNS infections, brain injuries, abuse
Temperament: “style of behavior used to
cope with the environment” is genetic and
modified by parent-child relationship (+ or-)
Family risk factors
Severe family discord, low socioeconomic status, large families and overcrowding, parental criminality, maternal psychiatric disorders, foster care placement. NOTE: The greater the number of stressors, the greater the risk
Resilience
Most children “at risk” still develop normally.
They have resilience.
The temperament to adapt to change
The ability to form nurturing relationships
with other adults if parent is unavailable.
The ability to distance themselves from
emotional chaos of parent or family.
Good social intelligence
The ability to problem solve
Data collection
Important part of initial interview is observing interactions
Non-structured interview with child Screening (neurological, psychological, intelligence) Observing and interacting with child History- parents, caregivers, family members Structured questionnaires and behavior checklists for teachers and parents. Games, puppets, drawing, free play for young children
Autism Spectrum disorder def
A disorder that is characterized by impairment in social interaction skills and interpersonal communication and a restricted repertoire of activities and interests (Black and Anderson, 2011) The diagnosis is adapted to each individual by clinical and associated features (severity, verbal ability, intellectual disability,etc.) APA, 2013
Autism general facts
Is a developmental disability. Children and adults exhibit atypical, repetitive behaviors and deficits in social and communication skills. Diagnosed before 3 yrs. 4 – 5 X’s more prevalent in boys Prevalence: 1 in 88 children No racial, ethnic, or social boundaries Characterized by withdrawal into self
70% have some mental retardation
Autism - difficulty with social interaction
Do not reach out to others to share
information or feelings
Often do not know how to engage in
simple social interactions
Autism- difficulty with communication
A delay in or a lack of development of spoken language • Common speech abnormalities include echolalia, unconventional word use, and unusual tone, pitch inflection. Difficulty understanding common nonverbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and eye contact
Autism - unusual behaviors
Restricted range of interest Peculiar sustained play activities Very resistant to change in routine Savant abilities (less than 2%)
Autism neuro
Neurological: “The neurobiological dysfunction appears to be quite diffuse and no clear primary deficit is found in most autistic individuals” (Popper) Genetics Perinatal: pregnant women with asthma and allergy
General autism pharma
Two meds are approved by the FDA Resperidone Aripiprazole (Abilify) Targeting the following symptoms: Aggression Deliberate self-injury Temper Tantrums Quickly changing moods Dosage based
Resperidone s/e
Drowsiness Increased appetite Nasal congestion Fatigue Constipation Drooling Dizziness Weight gain
