Mood Disorders (Bipolar, Depression, Anxiety) Flashcards
any period of time when a patient feels abnormally
happy or sad
Mood episode
For at least 2 weeks, the patient feels depressed (or cannot enjoy life) and has problems with eating and sleeping, guilt feelings, low energy, trouble concentrating, and thoughts about death
Major depressive episode
For at least 1 week, the patient feels elated (or sometimes only irritable) and may be grandiose, talkative, hyperactive, and distractible. Bad judgment leads to marked social or work impairment; often patients must be hospitalized
Manic episode
This is much like a manic episode, but it is briefer and less severe. Hospitalization is not required
Hypomanic episode
These patients have had no manic or hypomanic episodes, but have had one or more major depressive episodes. (will be either recurrent or single episode)
Major depressive disorder
There are no high phases, and it lasts much longer than typical major depressive disorder. This type of depression is not usually severe enough to be called an episode of major depression (though chronic major depression is now included here)
Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
A child’s mood is persistently negative between
frequent, severe explosions of temper
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
A few days before her menses, a woman experiences
symptoms of depression and anxiety
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
A variety of medical and neurological conditions can produce depressive symptoms; these need not meet criteria for any of the conditions above
Depressive disorder due to another medical condition
Alcohol or other substances (intoxication or withdrawal) can cause depressive symptoms; these need not meet criteria for any of the conditions above
Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
Use one of these categories when a patient has depressive symptoms that do not meet the criteria for the depressive diagnoses above or for any other diagnosis in which depression is a feature
Other specified, or unspecified, depressive disorder
There must be at least one manic episode; most patients with have also had a major depressive episode
Bipolar I disorder
This diagnosis requires at least one hypomanic episode plus at least one major depressive episode
Bipolar II disorder
These patients have had repeated mood swings, but none that are severe enough to be called major depressive episodes or manic episodes
Cyclothymic disorder
Alcohol or other substances (intoxication
or withdrawal) can cause manic or hypomanic symptoms; these need not meet criteria for
any of the conditions above
Substance/medication-induced bipolar disorder
Use one of these categories when a patient
has bipolar symptoms that do not meet the criteria for the bipolar diagnoses above
Other specified, or unspecified, bipolar disorder
Specifier - These depressed patients eat a lot and gain weight, sleep excessively, and have a feeling of being sluggish or paralyzed. They are often excessively sensitive to
rejection
With atypical features
Specifier - This term applies to major depressive episodes characterized by some of the “classic” symptoms of severe depression. These patients awaken early, feeling worse than they do later in the day. They lose appetite and weight, feel guilty, are either slowed down or agitated, and do not feel better when something happens that they would normally like
With melancholic features
Specifier - A patient has symptoms of anxiety, tension, restlessness, worry, or fear that accompanies a mood episode
With anxious distress
Specifier - There are features of either motor hyperactivity or inactivity in major depressive episodes and manic episodes
With catatonic features
Specifier - Manic, hypomanic, and major depressive episodes may have mixtures of manic and depressive symptoms
With mixed features
Specifier - A manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episode (or a brief psychotic disorder) can occur in a woman during pregnancy or within a month of having a baby
With peripartum onset
Specifier - Manic and major depressive episodes can be accompanied by delusions, which can be mood-congruent or -incongruent
With psychotic features
Specifier - Within 1 year, the patient has had at least four episodes (in any combination) fulfilling criteria for major depressive, manic, or hypomanic episodes
With rapid cycling
Specifier - These patients regularly become ill at a certain time of the year, such as fall or winter
With seasonal pattern
These patients experience repeated panic attacks—brief episodes of intense dread accompanied by a variety of physical and other symptoms, together with worry about
having additional attacks and other related mental and behavioral changes
Panic disorder
Patients with this condition fear situations or places such as entering a store, where they might have trouble obtaining help if they became anxious
Agoraphobia
In this condition, patients fear specific objects or situations. Examples include animals; storms; heights; blood; airplanes; being closed in; or any situation that may lead to vomiting, choking, or developing an illness
Specific phobia
These patients imagine themselves embarrassed when they speak, write, or eat in public or use a public urinal
Social anxiety disorder
A child elects not to talk, except when alone or with select intimates
Selective mutism
Although they experience no episodes of acute panic, these patients feel tense or anxious much of the time and worry about many different issues
Generalized anxiety disorder
The patient becomes anxious when separated from a parent or other attachment figure
Separation anxiety disorder
These patients are bothered by repeated thoughts or
behaviors that can appear senseless, even to them
Obsessive–compulsive disorder
A severely traumatic event, such as combat or a natural disaster, is relived over and over
Posttraumatic stress disorder
This condition is much like posttraumatic stress disorder, except that it begins during or immediately after the stressful event and lasts a month or less
Acute stress disorder
In this disorder, physically normal patients believe that parts of their bodies are misshapen or ugly
Body dysmorphic disorder
An individual accumulates so many objects (perhaps of no value) that they interfere with life and living
Hoarding disorder
Pulling hair from various parts of the body is often
accompanied by feelings of “tension and release”
Trichotillomania
Patients so persistently pick at their skin that they traumatize it
Excoriation
Obsessions and compulsions can be caused by various medical conditions
Obsessive–compulsive and related disorder due to another medical condition
Various substances can lead to obsessive–compulsive
symptoms that don’t fulfill criteria for any of the
above-mentioned disorders
Substance/medication-induced obsessive–compulsive
and related disorder
Use one of these categories to code disorders with prominent anxiety symptoms that do not fit neatly
into any of the groups above
Other specified, or unspecified, obsessive–compulsive
and related disorder
There is evidence of pathogenic care in a child who habitually doesn’t seek comfort from parents or surrogates
Reactive attachment disorder
There is evidence of pathogenic care in a child who fails to show normal reticence in the company of strangers
Disinhibited social engagement disorder
Following a stressor, an individual develops symptoms that disappear once the cause of stress has subsided
Adjustment disorder
Patients whose stress or trauma appears related to other presentations may be classified in one of these categories
Other specified, or unspecified, trauma- and stressor-related disorder
