Mood Disorders - Bipolar Flashcards
Describe the psychoanalytic theory.
Children lack the higher cognition functions to obtain Bipolar Disorder.
What did Emil Kraepelin find?
He observed that children commonly express feeling mixed states and emotional representations so that cannot be the sole factor in diagnosis.
What has happened with current reports of patients diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder?
There is a reported increase in prevalence of Bipolar Disorder (through outpatient and hospital discharge reports) but there are no large scale increases in epidemiology when looked at entirely.
What are the diagnostic types slash levels of Bipolar Disorder?
*From high to low
- Mania (one episode of this or hospitalization, you will be diagnosed with BP-1)
- Hypomania (elevated, irritable mood for at least 4 days, you will be diagnosed with BP-2)
- Euthymia (our baseline state)
- Dysthymia (chronic, low grade depression)
- Depression (cyclical)
What are some of the difficulties psychiatrists are having with diagnosing patients with Bipolar Disorder?
1) Irritability itself may not be the best representation of Bipolar Disorder if grandiosity, hypersexuality, and other symptoms aren’t present. Irritability is ambiguous and listed as a symptom of many other disorders (AHDH, ODD, MDD, etc.)
2) There is no “pure” diagnosis for BP because it is almost always comorbid with other disorders, making it difficult to discern what is really happening.
Bipolar vs. ADHD
Bipolar (ADHD):
- Elevated mood (No)
- Irritability (Yes)
- Grandiosity (No)
- Decrease need for sleep (Mild)
- More talkative (Criteria)
- Racing thoughts (No)
- Hyperactivity/goal-oriented (Criteria)
- High risk activities (Yes)
- Distractability (Criteria)
Does Bipolar Disorder often look like what the DSM describes?
No. Pre-pubertally it does not look like DSM-V criteria, post-pubertally it does.
What are the 4 major symptoms of Bipolar Disorder?
1) Grandiosity
2) Hypersexuality
3) Decrease need for sleep
4) Flight of ideas
