Mood disorders and psychosis

Question 1

How is someone diagnosed with depression?

Answer 1

At least 5 out of 9 symptoms present in the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning, AND
At least 1 of the 5 symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)

Question 2

anti-depressants development is based on what hypothesis?

Answer 2

monoamine hypothesis: concentrations of monoamines: serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine,
in synaptic gaps are decreased in the depressive state

Question 3

Different classes of anti depressants work to…

Answer 3

increase serotonin , norepinephrine or dopamine in the synapse to mood and behavior

Question 4

What are the two 1st line anti-depressant drug classes and list 1 drug from each…

Answer 4

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors -SSRIs - Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Luvox, Serzone, Celexa
and
Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors -SNRIs-
Effexor , Pristiq, Cymbalta

Question 5

List 3 SSRIs/SNRIs neurological side effects of anti-depressants

Answer 5

several movement disorders including: akathisia (most common), dystonia, tardive dyskinesia (can become permanent), parkinsonism, bruxism (teeth grinding)

Question 6

Hypothesis for psychosis

Answer 6

psychotic symptoms are triggered by a dysregulation of dopaminergicactivity in the brain

Question 7

2 main classes of antipsychotics

Answer 7

typical (Chlorpromazine, haloperidol) and atypical antipsychotics (Clozapine, olanzapine)