Mood Disorders Flashcards
What are the core symptoms of depression?
Continuous low mood for at least 2 weeks
Lack of energy (anergia)
Lack on enjoyment (anhedonia)
What are some biological/somatic symptoms of depression?
Sleep changes- early morning waking, appetite and weight changes, diurnal variation in mode, psychomotor retardation/agitation, loss of libido
What are some cognitive symptom of depression?
Low self esteem, guilt, hopelessness, hypochondriacal thoughts, poor concentration, suicidal thoughts
What kind of delusions can patients with psychotic depression have?
Delusions of guilt, nihilism, persecutory, poverty and hypochondriacal
Is depression more common in males or females?
Females
2:1
What are some symptom of hypomania?
Mildly elevated mood, increased energy, increased self esteem, over familiarity, increased sex drive, reduced need for sleep, difficulty focusing on one task alone
What are symptoms of mania?
Elevated mood (1 week), increased energy, grandiosity, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, reduced need for sleep, increased libido, loss of social inhibitions, psychotic symptoms
What is cyclothymia?
A chronic condition of mild periods of elation/depression, it has an early onset and more common in relatives of BPD
What is dysthymia?
Chronic low mood which does not fulfil the criteria for depression
What is a mixed affective state?
A mixture or a rapid alternation (usually within a few hours) of hypomania, manic and depressive symptoms
What is the difference between bipolar 1 and bipolar 2?
Bipolar 1= manic episodes or mixed episodes and depressive episodes
Bipolar 2= depressive episodes with at least one hypomania episode
What is the median age of onset for BPD?
25 years
What are some differentials for mood disorders to consider?
Normal fluctuations in mood, adjustment disorders, PTSD, dementia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders
Using the biopsychosocial model, what are some causes of mood disorders?
Bio- genetic, brain illness, physical illness
Psycho- childhood experiences, view of self and the world, personality traits
Social- work, housing, finances, relationships
What are indications for ECT?
Severe drug resistant depression, life threatening illness (food/fluid), prolonged and severe mania, catatonia, high suicide risk, severe psychomotor retardation
