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Neuro Pathology > Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Mood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

According to the DSM-IV, a person May be diagnosed with Bipolar 1 disorder under what circumstances?

A

If they have had a single manic episode

If there most recent episode is a hypo maniac, manic, mixed, or depressed

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2
Q

According to the DSM-IV, a person may be diagnosed with bipolar 2 disorder under what circumstances?

A

If they have a current episode of hypo mania or of depression

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3
Q

Are mood disorders polygenic?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Are mood disorders multifactorial?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Which biomarkers are involved in mood disorders?

A

G72/G30, neutrophic factor, GRK3

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6
Q

Neuroimage studies of mood disorders involve what?

A

Cortical/thalamus/lymbic circuit mainly hippocampus

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7
Q

The amygdala is the..

A

Aversion center

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8
Q

The nucleus accumbens is the..

A

Gratification center

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9
Q

If the amygdala is stimulated what would the sítieme feel?

A

Fear

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10
Q

If the nucleus accumbens is stimulated, what would the patient feel?

A

Joy pleasure

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11
Q

If the amygdala has a lesion, what behaviors would the patient exhibit?

A

Placidity, hyperorality, hypermetamorphosis, hyperphagia, hyper sexuality

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12
Q

If the nucleus accumbens of a patient is lesioned, what behaviors would the patient exhibit?

A

Addiction, impulsive behavior

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13
Q

What is the principal neurotransmitter (s) in the amygdala?

A

Glutamate, serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine

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14
Q

What are the neurotransmitters in the nucleus accumbens?

A

Dopamine&raquo_space; serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, glutamate

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15
Q

Which drugs are common triggers for depression?

A

Antihypertensives and antiarrythmics

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16
Q

Iatrogenic depression may be induced in the course of…

A

Glucocorticoids, antimicrobials, analgesics, antiparkinsoniasms and drugs for seizures

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17
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants are contraindicated in people with what condition?

A

Bundle branch block

18
Q

Depression can increase the risk of what?

A

Coronary artery disease

19
Q

Are most drugs capable of inducing depression?

A

Yes

20
Q

What depression medication is indicated for patients with Heart failure?

A

SSRI because they do not interfere with anticoagulants

21
Q

What other medical conditions are related with depression?

A

cancer, stroke, Parkinson’s and also diabetes mellitus

22
Q

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors will induce what?

A

Hypoglycemia and increased body weight

23
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants will induce what?

A

Hyperglycemia and increased cravings for carbohydrates

24
Q

SSRI’s …

A

Decrease fast glycemia and are easiest to use and frequently improve compliance to diet and drug therapy

25
Q

Hypothyroidism is often associated with what?

A

Depression and memory disorders

26
Q

People with HIV also can suffer form what?

A

depression

27
Q

Alfa interferon treatment in HIV patients may do what?

A

Worsen the disease

28
Q

Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia have a deep relation with…

A

Depression and anxiety which may respond to anticonvulsants such as pregabaline

29
Q

Patients with bipolar disorders have abnormalities that are secondary to their brian disorders such as…

A

Alzheimer’s disease or to the effects of long term drug treatment

30
Q

The Rajkiwska article suggests what?

A

that people with bipolar disorder have a reduction in neuronal and glial density in specific frontal brain regions

31
Q

Which drugs are indicated for the mania or mixed features of bipolar disorder?

A

Lithium, carbamazepine, divalprolex, lamotrigine

32
Q

Which drug is good for its anti suicidal effects in patients with bipolar disorder?

A

Lithium

33
Q

What is the age on onset for bipolar disorder?

A

Around age 20

34
Q

The first episode of bipolar disorder is usually

A

Depressive

35
Q

Either bipolar 1 or 2 depressive episodes are

A

Considerable longer than manic or hypo maniac

36
Q

What other disorders coexist with bipolar disorder?

A

Anxiety, substance use, personality disorders, ADHD,

37
Q

People who are bipolar experience change in…

A

Thought patterns (religious, disjoint, creative, flight of ideas, racing thoughts)

38
Q

People with bipolar disorder develop what?

A

Psychosis

39
Q

People with bipolar disorder have impaired…

A

Judgment (lack of insight, impulsiveness, hyper sexuality)

40
Q

People with bipolar disorder experience what?

A

mood changes (expansive mood, grandiosity)

41
Q

People with bipolar disorder have speech

A

Disruptions (clang association, pressured speech)

42
Q

People with bipolar disorder have suden changes in…

A

Energy and activity (restless, decreased sleep , goal oriented activities )

Neuro Pathology (3 decks)

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