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psyc 2351 > mood/anxiety dis, OCD, PTSD, stress > Flashcards

mood/anxiety dis, OCD, PTSD, stress Flashcards

1
Q

essential 2 criteria for major depressive episode

A

depressed mood most of the day, nearly everyday OR markedly diminished interest/pleasure in all/almost all activities

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2
Q

threshold for major depressive disorder (?/?)

A

5/9

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3
Q

what’s the opposite of depression?

A

mania (euphoria, grandiosity)

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4
Q

threshold for manic episode (?/?)

A

3-4/7

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5
Q

how many depressive disorders are there?

A

2

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6
Q

how do MDD and PDD differ?

A

PDD is longer term, less intense, & rarer

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6
Q

what are the depressive disorders?

A

major depressive disorder (MDD) & persistent depressive disorder (PDD)

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7
Q

how do Bipolar I & II differ?

A

Bipolar II - no manic episodes

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8
Q

bipolar II criteria

A

at least one major depressive episode, one hypomanic episode, & no manic episodes

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9
Q

how do mania & hypomania differ?

A

hypomania has the same symptoms as mania, but milder

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10
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

more frequent mood swings than bipolar, frequent hypomanic and depressed periods (for at least 2 years)

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11
Q

is cyclothymic or bipolar more severe?

A

bipolar

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12
Q

is MDD onset earlier or later?

A

later

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13
Q

is MDD or Bipolar earlier onset?

A

Bipolar

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14
Q

is MDD or Bipolar more prevalent among women?

A

MDD

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15
Q

is MDD more prevalent among women or men?

A

women

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16
Q

what drugs do MDD respond best to?

A

antidepressants

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17
Q

is Bipolar typically earlier or later onset?

A

earlier

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18
Q

lifetime prevalence for MDD?

A

16%

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18
Q

is Bipolar more prevalent among women or men?

A

equally prevalent

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18
Q

what drugs does Bipolar respond best to?

A

lithium carbonate

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19
Q

people in asian cultures are more likely to express depression in terms of __ symptoms? (w/ examples)

A

somatic (loss of energy, trouble sleeping)

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19
Q

lifetime prevalence for PDD?

A

3%

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19
Q

lifetime prevalence for Bipolar I & II?

A

4%

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20
Q

women are about _% more likely than men to become depressed?

A

2

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21
Q

mood disorders are most frequent among __ and __-aged adults?

A

young, middle-aged

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22
Q

people in western cultures are more likely to express depression in terms of __ symptoms? (w/ examples)

A

cognitive/emotional (worthlessness, guilt)

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23
Q

__ is one of the leading causes of disease burden in the world?

A

Major Depression

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24
Q

what are the 3 main categories of etiology?

A

environmental factors, biological factors, psychological factors

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25
Q

__ prolongs a depressed mood while __ has the opposite effect

A

rumination, distraction

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26
Q

what kind of antidepressants are typically used for Depression?

A

SSRIs

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26
Q

at least __% of all suicides occur in the context of mental disorders

A

50%

27
Q

about -% of all depressed patients eventually die via suicide?

A

15-20%

28
Q

true or false? there’s a high level of co-morbidity between anxiety & depression?

A

true

29
Q

what are the 2 dimensions of mood?

A

positive and negative affect

30
Q

what emotions are negative affect associated with?

A

anger, guilt, fear, etc

31
Q

what emotions are positive affect associated with?

A

delight, interest, enthusiasm, etc

32
Q

high negative affect = ?

A

upset (high negative emotions)

33
Q

low negative affect = ?

A

relaxed (low negative emotions)

34
Q

high positive affect = ?

A

energetic (high positive emotions)

35
Q

low positive affect = ?

A

tired (low positive emotions)

36
Q

depressed people are low on __ affect?

A

positive

37
Q

what do lumpers do with disorders?

A

unite them into more major/broad categories

38
Q

what do splitters do with disorders?

A

divide (split) them into many small categories

39
Q

Panic attacks

A

Sudden, overwhelming terror/fright (normal fear response triggered at an inappropriate time)

40
Q

Phobias

A

persistent irrational fears associated with a specific object/situation (animals, heights, blood, etc)

41
Q

DSM Criteria - Phobia

A

avoidance (or stressful endurance) of phobic situation, anxiety & fear, typically lasting 6mos or more

42
Q

lifetime prevalence rate of phobias

A

12%

43
Q

phobias are _x more common in women than men?

A

3

44
Q

what are the most common type of anxiety disorder?

A

specific phobias

45
Q

what is the 1-yr prevalence for phobias?

A

9%

46
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

persistent fear of 1 or more social situations where a person is exposed to possible scrutiny by others

47
Q

lifetime prevalence of SAD?

A

12.1%

48
Q

are women or men more likely to have SAD?

A

women (15.5% vs 11%)

49
Q

are women or men more likely to have agoraphobia?

A

women

50
Q

how much more prevalent is panic disorder for women than men?

A

2x

51
Q

are women or men more likely to have panic disorder?

A

women

52
Q

what is the lifetime prevalence for GAD?

A

5.7%

52
Q

what medications are most common for GAD?

A

SSRIs and Benzodiazepines

53
Q

are women or men more affected by OCD?

A

both are affected about equally

54
Q

is OCD comorbid?

A

yes, with other mood & anxiety disorders

55
Q

what is the lifetime prevalence of OCD?

A

2.3%

56
Q

what are obsessions?

A

recurrent/persistent thoughts, impulses, or images

57
Q

what are compulsions?

A

repetitive behaviors or mental acts the person feels driven to perform

58
Q

OCD (DSM Definition) (3)

A

presence of both obsessions & compulsions, they are time consuming, & not explained by drugs or other psychopathology

59
Q

What disorders are related to OCD?

A

Body dysmorphia, hoarding disorder, trichotillomania

60
Q

PTSD Criteria

A

Recurrent involuntary memories of event, dissociative reactions of event, reactions to cues that resemble the event, nightmares about the event

61
Q

PTSD lifetime Prevalence Rate

A

6.8%

62
Q

Dissociative fugue

A

Travel/wandering associated w/ amnesia

63
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

Reversible inability to retrieve memories (typically following a stressful event)

63
Q

Edna Foa’s model of emotional processing

A

frequency & intensity of PTSD symptoms should go down over time - people who don’t show improvement beyond 1st month have impaired emotional processing

64
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

Disruption of identity characterized by 2+ distinct personality states - Gaps in everyday events & important information

65
Q
A
66
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67
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67
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68
Q
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69
Q
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70
Q
A

psyc 2351 (3 decks)

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