Montgomery Bus Boycott Flashcards
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a year-long protest against racial segregation on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama, sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest for refusing to give up her seat to a white person.
When did the Montgomery Bus Boycott begin?
The boycott began on December 5, 1955, the day after Rosa Parks’ arrest.
Why did the Montgomery Bus Boycott happen?
It was a response to Rosa Parks’ arrest and the long-standing racial segregation and discrimination on public buses, where African Americans were required to sit in the back and give up their seats for white passengers.
How long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?
The boycott lasted 381 days, from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956.
How did African Americans get to work during the boycott?
African Americans organized car pools, walked, or used taxis that were provided at reduced fares by sympathetic drivers to avoid using the segregated buses.
What was the outcome of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
The boycott led to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional, effectively ending the policy in Montgomery.
Who was the leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA)?
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association, which coordinated the boycott.
What role did the media play in the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
The media, especially local newspapers, helped spread awareness about the boycott, garnering national attention and support for the civil rights movement.
What was the impact of the Montgomery Bus Boycott on the Civil Rights Movement?
The boycott galvanized the Civil Rights Movement, bringing national attention to racial inequality and inspiring future nonviolent protests across the United States.
What was the legal case that ended segregation on Montgomery buses?
The legal case was Browder v. Gayle (1956), in which a federal district court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional, a decision upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Who was Rosa Parks?
Rosa Parks was an African American woman whose arrest for refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus sparked the boycott and became a symbol of the fight against racial injustice.
Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association who played a key role in organizing and leading the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Who was E.D. Nixon?
E.D. Nixon was an African American civil rights leader and labor organizer who helped organize the Montgomery Bus Boycott and was instrumental in recruiting Rosa Parks as a figurehead for the protest.
Who was Jo Ann Robinson?
Jo Ann Robinson was an educator and member of the Women’s Political Council who helped organize the Montgomery Bus Boycott by distributing thousands of flyers calling for a bus boycott.
Who was Ralph Abernathy?
Ralph Abernathy was a close associate of Martin Luther King Jr. and a key leader in the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the broader Civil Rights Movement.
