monosaccharides and disaccharides Flashcards
what is the general formula for carbohydrates
Cn(H2O)n
also known as saccharides and carbs
carbohydrates
a biomilecule consist of C, H, and O
carbohydrates
major food source and key from of energy for most organisms
carbohydrates
simplet carbohydrates ; 1 sugar unit
monosaccharides
contain only a signle or ketone functional group
monosaccharides
properties if a monosaccharides
colorless, crystalline, and sweet taste
what are the three test soution use in the experiment
glucose
lactos
sucrose
it is also called dextrose and the most abundant organic compound in nature
glucose
glucose formula
C6H12O6
in medicine, glucose is often called
blood sugar
What is the common component found in polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch, and glycogen?
glucose
what is the most important disaccharides
sucrose
table sugar
sucrose
monosaccharides unit of maltose
glucose + glucose
monosaccharides unit of sucrose
glucose + fructose
monosaccharides unit of lactose
glucose + galactose
its properties are non crystalline and water insoluble
polysaccharides
general test for carbohydrates
molisch test
solution of alpha-naphthol in 95%
ethanol
molisch test
purple color ring develops at the interface if a CHO is present
molisch test
positive result purple/magenta
schiffs test
general test for the presence of aldehydes functional group
schiffs test
pararosanilin with sulfurous acid
schiffs test
3 oxidizing agent
tollen, fehlin, benedict test
when an aldehyde end of glucose is oxidized what is produce
gluconic acid
oxidation of aldehyde end of galactose produces
galactonic cid
the aldehyde group of an aldose is oxidized under basic conditions to a carboxylate anion
oxidation to aldonic acid
reaction with methyl alcohol forming acetals and ketals
glycoside formation
aka silver mirror test
tollen test
formation of silver mirror
tollens test
silver nitrate in water
tollen test
oxidizing agent is cupper sulfate (CuSO4)
fehling test
hydrated CuSO4
fehlings A
rochelle salt in NaOH
fehlings b
formation of brick red precipitate
fehlings test
orange solution
benedicts test
oxidizing agents is cuprous sulfate (CuSO4)
benedicts test
light yello/ yellow
nylanders
bismuth subnitrate, KOH
nylanders
picric acid
picric acid test
mahogany red solution
picric acid
formation of dark brown solution/ caramel
moores tet
strong NaOH
moores test
non-reducing sugar
sucrose
Which of the following is a characteristic of reducing sugars?
A) They do not react with Benedict’s reagent.
B) They contain a ketone or aldehyde group.
C) They are always sweet in taste.
D) They are primarily found in fats.
B
What chemical test is commonly used to detect the presence of reducing sugars?
A) Fehling’s test
B) Iodine test
C) pH test
D) Grignard test
A
When a reducing sugar reacts with Benedict’s solution, what color change indicates a positive result?
a) Blue to orange
b) Red to green
c) Yellow to purple
d) Clear to cloudy
a
In the picric acid test, what color change indicates the presence of reducing sugars?
yellow to red
What color change is observed in the Tollen’s test when a reducing sugar is present?
silver mirror
Which chemical test is commonly used to detect reducing sugars in a solution using a blue solution that changes to a brick-red precipitate?
fehlings test
chemical name for picric acid
2, 4, 6 trinitrophenol
