Monosaccarides Flashcards
what are monosaccharides categorized into
adheldydes
ketones
where do you find the aldehyde group
on carbon #1
where do you find the ketone group
on carbon #2
how do you know what type of monosaccharide you have
count # of carbons
where is the carbonyl group located (1 or 2)
glucose
aldohexose
galactose
aldohexose
mannose
aldohexose
ribose
aldopentose
fructose
ketohexose
different compounds in the same chemical formula
isomers
give examples of isomers
glucose
fructose
galactose
monosaccharides which differ in their configuration around one specific carbon
epimers
give examples of epimers
glucose and galactose are C4 epimers
glucose and mannose are C2 epimers
mirro images of the same compound
enantiomers
give an example of an enantiomer
L and D glucose
anomeric carbons are formed when
sugars cyclize
what is the anomeric carbon for an aldehyde
C-1
what is the anomeric carbon for a ketosugar
C-2
what are anomie’s designated as
alpha or beta
what is the fischer projection
linear stick figure
what is the haworth projection
cyclized form
ex: ribose and deoxyribose
what is sucrose made of
glucose + fuctose
alpha1, beta2
what is lactose made of
galactose + glucose
beta1, beta4
what is maltose made of
glucose + glucose
alpha1,4
