Mononucleosis Flashcards

1
Q
  • Organism Type: Virus; one of 9 known human herpesviruses
  • Scientific name: Epstein-barr virus, formerly called gammaherpesvirus 4
  • Subtypes: EBV A (type 1); EBV B (type 2)
  • Common Name(s): ‘the kissing disease,’’ ‘glandular fever’
  • Prevalence: Extremely common; ~50% of five-year-old children & ~90% of adults have evidence of previous infection
  • Predisposing Factors: Close contact with infected persons & exposure to saliva
  • Transmitted Via: Spreads through bodily fluids, primarily saliva.
A

Mononucleosis

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2
Q

one of the most common human viruses and found globally. Most people get infected with EBV at some point in their lives

A

Mononucleosis

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3
Q
  • Presents consistent with erythematous or exudative pharyngitis or tonsillitis
  • Malaise
  • Fever
  • Cervical lymphadenopathy (typically posterior)
  • Splenomegaly (typically post infection
  • Generalized maculopapular rash may occur in patients treated with cillin-class antibiotics for strep pharyngitis
A

Mononucleosis

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4
Q

Labs for Mononucleosis

A
  • Monospot test
    Pts typically become positive within 4 weeks after symptom onset
  • CBC: leukocytosis with lymphocytosis is most often seen
    May also see anemia, thrombocytopenia
  • LFT: potentially elevated aminotransferases
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5
Q

Treatment of Mononucleosis

A
  • Bed rest, Acetaminophen or NSAIDS
  • Saline gargles 3 – 4 times daily.
  • Avoid the use of antivirals
  • Steroids should only be used in cases where airway obstruction is possible due to tonsillar enlargement
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6
Q

Disposition of Mononucleosis

A
  • Patients should be placed SIQ until acute symptoms subside
  • Fever resolves within 10 days, but the the lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly may persist upwards of 3 - 4 weeks.
  • Isolation is not necessary.
  • Light duty with no physical contact sports for 3 – 4 weeks.
  • Due to risk of splenomegaly and splenic rupture
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7
Q

When would mononucleosis be MEDEVAC

A

MEDEVAC may be advised in severe cases where airway issues, or other complications arise.

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