Monomers, Polymers and Monosaccharides

Question 1

Monomer

Answer 1

single-molecule; small chemical unit that makes up a polymer by forming bonds

Question 2

Polymer

Answer 2

A long chain of monomers chemically bonded together.

Question 3

3 Examples of monomers

Answer 3

• amino acids
• monosaccharides
• nucleotides

Question 4

3 Examples of polymers

Answer 4

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Nucleic Acids

Question 5

Condensation reaction

Answer 5

A reaction in which 2 monomers become chemically bonded to each other to form a polymer through the loss of a water molecule

Question 6

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 6

The addition of a water molecule to break down a polymer into monomers by breaking a chemical bond

Question 7

All carbohydrates contain

Answer 7

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 8

Carbohydrates general formula

Answer 8

(CH2O)n

Question 9

The 3 important monosaccharides

Answer 9

glucose, fructose, galactose

Question 10

Isomer

Answer 10

compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures

Question 11

Alpha and Beta glucose

Answer 11

H and OH swapped on Carbon 1.

Question 12

Maltose equation

Answer 12

alpha glucose + alpha glucose

Question 13

Sucrose equation

Answer 13

glucose + fructose

Question 14

Lactose equation

Answer 14

glucose + galactose

Question 15

Test for reducing sugars

Answer 15

Benedict’s test.

Add 2cm cubed of test solution.

Add to your solution, an equal amount of Benedict’s solution,

Heat in a water bath and if reducing sugars are present the benedicts will turn brick red.

Question 16

Test for non-reducing sugars

Answer 16

If negative (stays blue), hydrolyse the substance with HCl

Heat gently for 1 minute

Neutralise with NaOH

Add Benedict’s

Brick red precipitate indicates non-reducing sugar.