Monomers And Polymers

Question 1

What are polymers made up of?

Answer 1

large number of monomers joined together

Question 2

What are monosaccharides, amino acid’s and nucleotides examples of?

Answer 2

Monomers

Question 3

What are the products of a condensation reaction?

Answer 3

Polymer and water

Question 4

How do you monomers join?

Answer 4

By condensation reaction

Question 5

How are polymers broken down

Answer 5

By hydrolysis reactions

Question 6

What are monosaccharides?

Answer 6

Basic molecular units or monomers of which other carbohydrates are composed

Question 7

What about the different isomers of glucose?

Answer 7

Alpha glucose and beta glucose

Question 8

What is the difference between alpha glucose and beta glucose?

Answer 8

And carbon one the other OH group points upwards in beta glucose whereas in alpha glucose the OH points down

Question 9

What are disaccharides?

Answer 9

Two monosaccharides linked together

Question 10

What happens when two monosaccharides joined together?

Answer 10

A molecule of water is formed and a Glyco Siddick bond

Question 11

What is the difference between condensation and hydrolysis reactions

Answer 11

Condensation – joins monomers together producing a polymer and a molecule of water.

Hydrolysis reaction – water is used to separate the polymer by breaking bones

Question 12

Give examples of disaccharides

Answer 12

Maltose, sucrose and lactose

Question 13

Give examples of monosaccharides

Answer 13

Glucose, galactose, and fructose

Question 14

Give examples of polysaccharides

Answer 14

Starch, cellulose and glycogen

Question 15

What are starch grains used for?

Answer 15

Storage in plants

Question 16

What two different polymers is starch made from?

Answer 16

Amylose and Amylopectin

Question 17

What are starch and glycogen made from

Answer 17

Alpha glucose

Question 18

What is cellulars made from?

Answer 18

Beta glucose

Question 19

What does cellulose make

Answer 19

Plant cell walls

Question 20

Explain the structure of amylopectin

Answer 20

It is branched

The branches allow the amylopectin to be quickly hydrolysed by amylase to for Moltose

Question 21

What bonds does amylopectin form?

Answer 21

1-4

1-6

Question 22

What bonds does Amylose form

Answer 22

1-4 only

Question 23

Describe the structure of amylose

Answer 23

A compact helical chain

This helps it start large numbers of glucose molecules in a small space

Question 24

What are starch and glycogen used for?

Answer 24

Energy storage

Question 25

Why are glycogen and starch well suited as energy storage molecules?

Answer 25

Compact Large and insoluble Inert Glycogen and amylopectin are quickly hydrolysed

Question 26

Why is it effective for glucose and starch to be compact?

Answer 26

So they start lots of glucose glucose in a small space

Question 27

Why is it effective for glucose and starch to be large and insoluble ?

Answer 27

So they cannot diffuse out of cells in which they are stored Insoluble means no osmotic Effects

Question 28

What type of reaction is involved in the joining of two be to glucose molecules?

Answer 28

Condensation

Question 29

How are to beta glucose molecules linked?

Answer 29

By the molecule on the left being inverted

Question 30

How is Celulose suited to its function

Answer 30

Glucose molecules for straight unbranched chains The change run parallel to each other and hydrogen bonds formed cross linkages between Chains Collectively hydrogen bonds are strong and provide high tensile strength This makes the cell wall rigid and prevents osmotic lysis

Question 31

State the type of reaction involved in the breakdown of lactose ?

Answer 31

Hydrolysis

Question 32

Name the bond that is broken during hydrolysis reaction

Answer 32

Glycosidic

Question 33

Name the molecules produced when lactulose is broken down

Answer 33

Glucose and galactose

Question 34

Name the products produced in the breal down of maltose

Answer 34

To glucose molecules

Question 35

Name the product produced in the breakdown of sucrose

Answer 35

Glucose and fructose

Question 36

Maltose, sucrose, and lactose are all examples of ..

Answer 36

disaccharides

Question 37

Glucose, galactose, and fructose are all examples of ..

Answer 37

monosaccharides

Question 38

Starch, cellulose and glycogen are all examples of .

Answer 38

polysaccharides

Question 39

what is polymerisation?

Answer 39

monomers join to form polymers

Question 40

state 2 features of monosaccharides

Answer 40

- soluble | - sweet

Question 41

what is a reducing sugar?

Answer 41

those with the ability to donate electrons | so it is reduced

Question 42

GIve two uses of polysaccharides

Answer 42

- storage | - structural support