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RACP Written Exam > Monoclonal Antibodies / Novel Therapy > Flashcards

Monoclonal Antibodies / Novel Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Daratumumab

A

CD38 (plasma cells)

Multiple myeloma

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2
Q

Bevacizumab

A

VEGF

Metastatic colon and gynae cancers

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3
Q

Trastuzumab

A

HER2 receptor
Trade name herceptin
Breast cancer, stomach cancer

Cardiac toxicity

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4
Q

Pembrolizumab

A

Anti-PD-1 (checkpoint inhibitor)
- Binds to and blocks PD-1 located on lymphocytes
Melanoma, NSCLC, head/neck cancers, stomach cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma

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5
Q

Ipilimumab

A

Anti-CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte associated protein)
Melanoma
In combinations - RCC, HCC, CRC (micro satellite unstable or mismatch repair deficient), NSCLC

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6
Q

Nivolumab

A

Anti PD-1 inhibitor (programmed death, present on all activated T cells, inhibited by PD-L1 and PD-L2 from cancer cells)
Melanoma (first line with ipilimumab if no BRAF mutation)
Also NSCLC, RCC, urothelial carcinoma

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7
Q

Ustekinumab

A

Anti-p40 subunit IL12/IL23

Psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis, IBD

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8
Q

Natalizumab

A

Alpha4-integrin (cell adhesion molecule)

MS, Crohns

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9
Q

Tocilizumab

A

IL-6

RA, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, GCA, cytokines release syndrome

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10
Q

Adalimumab

A

TNF-Alfa

RA, psorasis/psoriatic arthritis, ankylosis spondylitis, IBD, juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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11
Q

Basiliximab

A

IL-2 (T cells), CD25
- Basiliximab competes with IL-2 to bind to IL-2 receptor on T cell and thus prevents IL-2 from binding and signally
Renal transplant induction

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12
Q

Rituximab

A

CD20 (B cells)

NHL, CLL, RA, GPA, ITP, Myesthenia

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13
Q

Cetuximab

A

EGFR inhibitor

Metastatic colorectal, head and neck or NSCLC

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14
Q

Infliximab

A

TNF Alfa inhibitor

IBD, RA, ank spond, psoriasis, behcets

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14
Q

Eculizumab

A

Anti-C5

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
Atypical HUS
Risk of meningococcal infections

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15
Q

Omalizumab

A

Binds IgE in circulation

Asthma, Anti allergy, allergic rhinitis

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16
Q

Belimumab

A

Human monoclonal Ab that inhibits BAFF - B-cell activating Factor (BLyS - B-lymphocyte stimulator)
Used in SLE.

17
Q

Dupilumab

A

Human Ab - IL4-receptor (alpha subunit)
REceptor antagonist - modulates IL4 and IL13
Uses: atopic dermatitis, asthma

17
Q

Golimumab

A

TNF Inhibitor

18
Q

Baricitinib / Tofacitinib

A

Oral JAK - Inhibitors
Uses - RA, IBD (Tofacitinib)
Increase risk of shingles and viral infections

19
Q

Abatecept

A

CTLA4-Ig fusion protein (mimic)

Acts as decoy - binding CD80/86 on APC

20
Q

Atezolizumab

A

PD-L1 inhibitor
Fully humanised against protein PD-L1
PD-L1 can be highly expressed on certain tumours

21
Q

Certolizumab

A

Anti-TNF

Safest in pregnancy

22
Q

Meprolizumab / Benralizumab

A

Meprolizumab - Mops up IL-5
Benralizumab - Binds to IL-5 receptor

Used in severe T2 high asthma
Side effect : Zoster

23
Tezepelumab
Anti -TSLP (Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin) - An epithelial cytokine involved in initiation and persistence of airway inflammation - New agent in Asthma
24
Canakinumab
Anti-IL-1beta | Uses: JIA, AOSD, Periodic Fever Syndromes
25
Secukinumab
Anti-IL-17A | Uses: Psoriasis, Ank Spons, PsA
26
Anakinra
IL-1R antagonist protein Uses: RA, Still's Disease, Periodic Fever Syndromes, Offlabel - Gout, CPPD
27
Obinutuzumab
Anti-CD20 CLL - In combination with Chlorambucil (PO) Risk: Hep B reactivation and PML
28
Ocrelizumab
Anti-CD20 Uses: MS Including PPMS
29
Alemtuzumab
Anti-CD52 Uses: MS and CLL Risks: Thryoiditis 30%, AIHA, ITP
30
Denosumab
Binds RANK-L | Works like OPG
31
Romosozumab
Sclerostin Antibody - Normally: Scleorstin negative regulator of bone formation - Thus romosozumab binds scleostin and its unable to bind onto LRP5 receptor
32
Guselkumab
Anti-IL23 targeted against p19 unit | Use: PsA
33
Anifrolumab
Anti-Type 1 Interferon Receptor Subunit 1 | SLE - Reduces time to first flare
34
Vedolizumab
Anti alpha4, Beta7 integrin (on T cell surface) | Uses: IBD (both UC and CD), Superior to adalimumab
35
Evolocumab
PCSK9 Inhibitor
36
Tezepelumab
Anti-TSLP Anti-alarmin (Innate immune system) Use: Asthma - Improves FEV1
37
Emicizumab
Bispecific antibody - Factor IXa and factor X
38
Bezlotoxumab
Bind and neutralize C. difficile toxins A and B,

RACP Written Exam (22 decks)

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