Monitoring and Instrumentation

Question 1

Why are monitor goetechnical conditions

Answer 1

*indicate impending failure
*provide a warning
*reveal unknown
*evaluate critical design assumptions
*assess contractors means and methods
*minimise damage to adjacent structures
*control construction
*control operation
*provide data
*document performance
*inform stakeholders
*satisfy regulators
*reduce litigation
*advance state of knowledge

Question 2

What are the acceptable values of the tarp levels

Answer 2

green: load is less than amber trigger
amber: measurement exceeds 60 - 80% acceptable values
red: load exceeds 80 - 100 % acceptable values

Question 3

What are the stages of workflow

Answer 3

1. Initiation of monitoring project
2. conceptual design
3. specifications
4. data collection
5. evaluation, interpretation and reporting

Question 4

What are common monitored variables

Answer 4

*movement
*rock stress
*pressure, load and strain on ground support devices
*seismic event and blast vibration

Question 5

What are monitoring techniques

Answer 5

visually

specilised instruments

Question 6

What are ground monitoring instruments and their features

Answer 6

*mechanical instruments (simple and cheap, no contiuous or remote reading)
*optical (measure movement used fo survey methods)
*hydraulic and pneumatic (measure water pressure)
*electrical (most common)

Question 7

What are the three pricipals of electrical monitoring instruments

Answer 7

*resistance strain guage
*vibrating wire
*self - inductance

Question 8

What are ground deformation monitoring tools for convergence measurments

Answer 8

*telescopic convergence rod
*remote convergence indicator
*tape extensometer (can measure roadway profiles)
*geodetic monitoring (tunnel surface movement)

Question 9

What are ground deformation monitoring tools for deforamtion inside rock mass

Answer 9

*tell tale extensometer
*clock tale extensometer
*rock IT extensometer
*multipoint extensometer

Question 10

What are ground deformation monitoring tools for deformation inside rock mass

Answer 10

*tell tale extensometer
*clock tale extensometer
*Rock IT extensometer
*multi point extensometer

Question 11

What are ground deformation monitoring tools for deformation of rock fractures

Answer 11

*crack meter
*shear indication

Question 12

What are ground deformation monitoring tools for deformation of pillar

Answer 12

*pillar strain meter

Question 13

What are the methods for monitoring support systems

Answer 13

instrumented rock bolts