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Monarchy Flashcards

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0
Q

Romulus’ great grandfather and where he was king of?

A

Proca

King of Alba Longa

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1
Q

years of Romulus’ reign?

A

753-717 BC

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2
Q

Proca’s children?

A

older: Numitor
younger: Amulius

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3
Q

Relationship of Numitor and Amulius to Romulus and Remus?

A

Numitor: grandfather
Amulius: evil great-uncle who stole Numitor’s throne

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4
Q

Numitor’s daughter?

A

Rhea Silvia (Ilia)

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5
Q

What did Amulius force Numitor’s daughter to become?

A

Vestal Virgin

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6
Q

Parents of Romulus and Remus?

A

Mars and Rhea Silvia

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7
Q

What happened directly after Romulus and Remus were abandoned at birth?

A

suckled by a she-wolf

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8
Q

Who were Romulus and Remus found by after being abandoned?

A

found by a shepherd named Faustulus

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9
Q

Adoptive parents of Romulus and Remus?

A

Faustulus and Acca Laurentia

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10
Q

Where did Romulus and Remus each set up?

A

Romulus: Palatine
Remus: Aventine

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11
Q

How many vultures did Romulus and Remus each see?

A

Romulus: 12
Remus: 6

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12
Q

What happened after Romulus and Remus’ bird watching competition?

A

Romulus was king!

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13
Q

Why was Remus killed?

A

Romulus killed him for jokingly jumping over the boundaries between their cities

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14
Q

Romulus’ wife?

A

Hersilia

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15
Q

What was Romulus’ first act?

A

to fortify the Palatine Hill

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16
Q

Where did Romulus live?

A

Palatine Hill

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17
Q

Who fortified the Palatine hill?

A

Romulus

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18
Q

What was the only foreign rite Romulus adopted?

A

The rite of sacrificing to Herculius

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19
Q

What did Romulus make the Capitoline hill?

A

An asylum for criminals

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20
Q

What were senators called during Romulus’ reign?

A

patres

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21
Q

What did Romulus create 100 of?

A

senatorial seats

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22
Q

What festival did Romulus institute?

A

Consualia

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23
Q

In whose honor did Romulus create a festival

A

Neptune or Consus

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24
Q

Whom did Romulus invite to his festival?

A

Sabines, Antmenae, Postumium and Caenina (the women from them)

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25
Q

Who seized the most beautiful girl?

A

Thalasius

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26
Q

What and why do Romans shout out at weddings?

A

They shout Thalasius because he seized the most beautiful girl

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27
Q

Who lead Caenina against Rome?

A

King Acron

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28
Q

What did Romulus receive when he killed Acron?

A

the first spolia opima (when a Roman commander slays an enemy commander with his own hands)

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29
Q

What did Romulus do directly after killing Acron?

A

took Acron’s armor to the Capitol

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30
Q

What and where was the first temple consecrated in Rome?

A

a temple to Jupiter Feretrius on the Capitol

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31
Q

Who consecrated the first temple in Rome?

A

Romulus

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32
Q

Who among the attendants to Consualia also attacked Rome and was defeated by Romulus?

A

Postumium

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33
Q

Who was the king of the Sabines?

A

Titus Tatius

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34
Q

Who was the commander of the Roman citadel when Titus Tatius attacked Rome?

A

Spurius Tarpeius

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35
Q

What happened to Tarpeia?

A

she was bribed by Titus Tatius to open the gates

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36
Q

How was Tarpeia killed?

A

The Sabines threw their shields at her after she let them in, she fell of the Tarpeian rock (named after her)

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37
Q

Who was the Sabine champion?

A

Mettius Curtius

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38
Q

What happened to the Sabine champion?

A

he was bogged down in a swamp by his horse, which lends the lake the name Lacus Curtius

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39
Q

Who was the Roman champion?

A

Hostius Hostilius

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40
Q

Who was the grandfather of Tullus Hostilius?

A

Hostius Hostilius

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41
Q

When Romulus’ forces were retreating, who did he pray to?

A

Jupiter Stator

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42
Q

Who co-ruled with Romulus?

A

Titus Tatius

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43
Q

What were the three “tribes” created under Romulus?

A

centuries of knights

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44
Q

What were the separate names for the three tribes created under Romulus?

A

The Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres

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45
Q

Where was Titus Tatius murdered?

A

Lavinium

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46
Q

Why was Titus Tatius murdered?

A

because some of his kinsmen had attacked envoys from Lavinium

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47
Q

What did Romulus do instead of avenging Titus Tatius?

A

He concluded a treaty with Lavinium

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48
Q

With whom did Rome sign a treaty with and for how long under Romulus’ reign?

A

The Veii for 100 years

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49
Q

After what event did Rome sign a treaty under Romulus?

A

after defeating the Veii and Fidenae

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50
Q

What was Romulus’ 300 person cavalry called?

A

the Celeres

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51
Q

What supposedly happened to Romulus?

A

taken up to heaven by a storm

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52
Q

With whom did Romulus speak with before his death?

A

the wise senator Julius Proculus

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53
Q

What probably happened to Romulus?

A

killed by the senators

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54
Q

years of Numa Pompilius’ reign?

A

717-673 BC

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55
Q

Where was Numa Pompilius born?

A

at Cures

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56
Q

Who was Numa Pompilius’ father?

A

Pomponius

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57
Q

Who was the daughter of Titus Tatius?

A

Tatia

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58
Q

Who was Numa Pompilius married to?

A

Tatia

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59
Q

Who was Numa Pompilius’ daughter?

A

Pompilia

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60
Q

What did Numa Pompilius build?

A

the Temple of Janus

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61
Q

What did it mean when the Temple of Janus was closed?

A

Rome was at peace

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62
Q

What did Numa Pompilius divide the year into and it what did it do?

A

12 lunar months, fixed the calendar

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63
Q

What kind of college did Numa Pompilius establish?

A

established priestly colleges along with the flamines

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64
Q

what did the flamines include?

A

the flamen dialis (priests of Jupiter), the flamen martialis (priests of Mars), and the flamen quirinalis (priests of Quirinus, the deified Romulus)

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65
Q

What did Numa Pompilius import from Alba Longa?

A

the cult of Vesta

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66
Q

What 12 priests did Numa Pompilius introduce?

A

the Salii- the jumping/dancing persists of Mars Gradivus

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67
Q

What did the Salii carry?

A

ancilia (sacred shields)

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68
Q

What temple did Numa Pompilius consecrate and where?

A

Jupiter Elicius on the Aventine

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69
Q

To what did Numa Pompilius dedicate a national ceremony?

A

troth keeping

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70
Q

What lawful and unlawful days did Numa Pompilius fix and for what?

A

fas and nefas for conducting business

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71
Q

Whom did Numa Pompilius appoint as pontifex maximus

A

Numa Marcius

72
Q

Who did Numa Pompilius visit for advice?

A

the nymph Egeria

73
Q

years of Tullus Hostilius?

A

673-641 BC

74
Q

Where was Tullus Hostilius born?

A

Rome

75
Q

Who was Tullus Hostilius’ grandfather?

A

Hostius Hostillius, who died fighting the Sabines during the reign of Romulus

76
Q

What trait did Romulus and Tullus Hostilius have in common?

A

both raised by shepherds

77
Q

What government building did Tullus Hostilius build the first of?

A

The Curia Hostilia, Rome’s first senate house

78
Q

Where did Tullus Hostilius build his palace?

A

The Caelian hill

79
Q

Where did Tullus Hostilius defeat the Sabines?

A

Mantrap Wood

80
Q

What caused the war with Alba Longa?

A

a series of reciprocal cattle raids

81
Q

Who was the king of Alba Longa?

A

Cluilius

82
Q

Which commander succeeded Cluilius as king of Alba Longa?

A

Mettius Fufettius

83
Q

What happened to Mettius Fufettius?

A

Tullus Hostilius had him drawn and quartered

84
Q

Where did the Horatii triplets fight for?

A

Rome

85
Q

Where did the Curiatii triplets fight for?

A

Alba Longa

86
Q

Which Horatius remained after the battle?

A

Publius Horatius

87
Q

Why did Horatius’ sister, Horatia, weep?

A

She was engaged to one of the deceased Curiatii

88
Q

What happened when Horatia wept?

A

Publius Horatius killed her

89
Q

What happened after the Horatii defeated the Curiatii?

A

The Romans and Albans concluded a treaty

90
Q

Who were the Albans supposed to help Rome fight?

A

the Fidenae and Veii

91
Q

What did the Albans do instead of helping the Romans in their fight?

A

Fufettius waited to see who would win

92
Q

What happened after Mettius Fufettius refused to help Rome?

A

He was drawn and quartered for his treachery

93
Q

How did Rome double its population?

A

by transferring Alba Longa’s population to their own

94
Q

What did Rome do to Alba Longa?

A

sacked and destroyed it

95
Q

How did Tullus Hostilius die?

A

struck by a lightning bolt?

96
Q

Why did Tullus Hostilius die?

A

for performing the rites of Jupiter Elicius improperly

97
Q

years of Ancus Marcius’ reign?

A

640-616 BC

98
Q

Who was the mother of Ancus Marcius?

A

Pompilia

99
Q

Who is Ancus Marcius’ grandfather?

A

Numa Pompilius

100
Q

Who built the Pons Sublicius?

A

Ancus Marcius

101
Q

What infamous structure did Ancus Marcius build?

A

Tullianum

102
Q

What was the Tullianum?

A

The infamous dungeon of the Mamertine

103
Q

What city was founded by Ancus Marcius?

A

the port city of Ostia

104
Q

What was constructed in Ostia?

A

salt works

105
Q

What class was created by Ancus Marcius?

A

the plebeian class

106
Q

Which hill was added by Ancus Marcius?

A

the Janiculum Hill

107
Q

Which legal procedure did Ancus Marcius adopt and for what purpose?

A

ius fetiale, a legal procedure for declaring war

108
Q

Where was ius fetiale from?

A

the tribe of the Aquicolae

109
Q

What happened in the ius fetiale?

A

after 33 days of discussion, the Fetial priests would throw a spear into enemy territory

110
Q

What trench did Ancus Marcius build?

A

Quirites’ trench

111
Q

What forest did Ancus Marcius add to Rome and to where did this extend the boundaries to?

A

The Maesian forest extended Roman holdings to the Mediterranean Sea

112
Q

years of the Tarquinius Priscus’ reign?

A

616-579 BC

113
Q

Who was Rome’s first Etruscan king?

A

Tarquinius Priscus

114
Q

Who was the father of Tarquinius Priscus?

A

Demaratus of Corinth

115
Q

What was Tarquinius Priscus’s original name?

A

Lucumo

116
Q

To whom was Tarquinius Priscus an important advisor?

A

Ancus Marcius

117
Q

What allowed Tarquinius Priscus to become king rather than Ancus Marcius’ sons?

A

His sons were on vacation

118
Q

Who killed Tarquinius Priscus?

A

the sons of Ancus Marcius

119
Q

How was Tarquinius Priscus killed?

A

axe blow to the head

120
Q

What happened to the sons of Ancus Marcius?

A

they voluntarily went into exile to Suessia Pomitia

121
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ wife?

A

Tanaquil

122
Q

What did Tanaquil notice about Tarquinius Priscus when they were going to Rome?

A

that an eagle was flying around his head

123
Q

What did Tanaquil predict after their journey to Rome?

A

that Tarquinius Priscus would become king

124
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ brother?

A

Arruns

125
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ nephew

A

Egerius, son of Arruns

126
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ son?

A

Arruns

127
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ other son and who did he eventually become?

A

Lucius, eventually Tarquinius Superbus

128
Q

What original idea did Tarquinius Priscus have, although it was actually carried out by another king?

A

he had an idea for a wall around a city

129
Q

What temple did Tarquinius Priscus lay the foundation for?

A

Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus

130
Q

Who built the Cloaca Maxima?

A

Tarquinius Priscus

131
Q

What had to be done before the Cloaca Maxima could be built?

A

Tarquinius Priscus had to drain the forum

132
Q

What was Tarquinius Priscus planning to do until his augur convinced him otherwise?

A

he was going to add mounted troops to the army

133
Q

Who was Tarquinius Priscus’ augur?

A

Attius Navius

134
Q

How did Tarquinius Priscus’ augur convince him?

A

by cutting a whetstone with a razor

135
Q

What did Tarquinius Priscus do instead of adding mounted troops?

A

he only doubled the number of knights

136
Q

What town did Tarquinius Priscus capture and from who?

A

the town of Apiolae from the Latins

137
Q

years of Servius Tullius’ reign?

A

578-535 BC

138
Q

Servius Tullius was the first king to be chosen as king how?

A

without the consultation of the plebs

139
Q

What did Tanaquil see that was special about Servius Tullius?

A

his head spontaneously burst into flame (red haired)

140
Q

What did Tanaquil do after she noticed Servius Tullius’ peculiar trait?

A

raised him as a prince, interpreting his head flame as a sign that he would one day become king

141
Q

Who was Servius Tullius’ father?

A

The prince of Corniculum, Servius Tullius

142
Q

Who was allowed to live with Tanaquil?

A

Servius Tullius the Elder’s wife

143
Q

How did Tanaquil respond to Tarquinius Priscus’ death?

A

she said he was merely ill and made Servius Tullius regent, which eventually became a permanent thing

144
Q

What were the names of Servius Tullius’ daughters?

A

they were both named Tullia

145
Q

Who did Servius Tullius’ daughters marry?

A

they married Arruns and Lucius

146
Q

Who was Servius Tullius later associated with?

A

the Etruscan king Mastarna

147
Q

Who took the first census?

A

Servius Tullius

148
Q

What did the first census do?

A

divided the Roman people into five classes

149
Q

How many people were counted in the first census?

A

80,000

150
Q

What did Servius Tullius do in addition to dividing the people into five classes?

A

he divided Rome into four regions

151
Q

Which hills did Servius Tullius add to Rome?

A

the Quirinal, Viminal, and Esquiline

152
Q

Where did Tullius live?

A

the Esquiline

153
Q

What did Tullius build around Rome?

A

the Servian Wall (originally Tarquinius Priscus’ idea)

154
Q

What did Tarquinius Priscus build of the Aventine?

A

a Temple of Diana

155
Q

Who did Tullia conspire with and to do what?

A

Tarquinius Superbus to murder her sister and take the throne from her father, Servius Tullius

156
Q

How was Servius Tullius killed?

A

he was run over by a chariot driven by Tarquinius Superbus and Tullia

157
Q

Where did Servius Tullius die?

A

the Via Scelarata

158
Q

years of Tarquinius Superbus’ reign?

A

535-510 BC

159
Q

Who was Tarquinius Superbus’ son-in-law?

A

Mamillius Octavius

160
Q

Where did Tarquinius Superbus’ son-in-law fight?

A

Mamillius Octavius fought for the Latins against the Roman Republic at Lake Regillus in 496 BC

161
Q

Where did Tarquinius Superbus get spoils from?

A

The conquest of Suessia Pomitia

162
Q

What did Tarquinius Superbus use the spoils for?

A

to build the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus

163
Q

Who was worshipped in the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximis?

A

the Capitole triad (Jupiter, Juno, Minerva)

164
Q

Who did Tarquinius Superbus frame?

A

Turnus Herdonius of Aricia

165
Q

Where did Tarquinius Superbus call a meeting for the Latin leaders?

A

The Grove of Ferentia

166
Q

What happened at the meeting for Latin leaders?

A

Tarquinius Superbus showed up late, and Turnus Herdonius started to berate him

167
Q

How did Tarquinius Superbus frame Turnus Herdonius?

A

he put weapons in his camp and executed him as a traitor

168
Q

Who did Tarquinius Superbus fight and send his son to?

A

Gabii

169
Q

What happened to the Gabii?

A

they were sacked by Tarquinius Superbus?

170
Q

Who was Tarquinius Superbus’ nephew, the son of his sister Tarquinia?

A

Lucius Junius Brutus

171
Q

Who did Tarquinius Superbus send to consult the oracle?

A

Brutus (his nephew), Titus, and Arruns (his two sons)

172
Q

What did they consult the oracle about?

A

a snake coming out of a crack in a pillar in the palace

173
Q

What city did Tarquinius Superbus besiege?

A

The Rutulian city of Ardea

174
Q

What did Tarquinius Superbus obtain, but only after some were destroyed?

A

the Sybilline books (only after he let some burn)

175
Q

Where did Tarquinius Superbus and his two sons go into exile?

A

Caere

176
Q

Where did Tarquinius Superbus die?

A

Caere

177
Q

What happened to Arruns after being exiled?

A

he fought against Rome

178
Q

What war did Tarquinius Superbus begin?

A

a 200 year long war against the Volscians

Super Detailed History (3 decks)

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