Momentum and Torque Flashcards

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1
Q

Momentum

A
  • Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity
    • p = mv
  • Any object with a velocity must have:
    • Momentum
    • Kinetic energy
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2
Q

Conservation of Linear Momentum

A
  • The conservation of linear momentum states that the momentum of a system is conserved
  • m1v1initial + m2v2initial = m1v1final + m2v2final
    • Generic system involving the
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3
Q

Impulse

A
  • Impulse results from an impact force acting on an objet during a collision that changes the object’s momentum
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4
Q

Impulse in Two Object Collision

A
  • In a two object collision (where momentum is conserved), both objects experience the same exact magnitude of impulse
  • As a result, lighter objects generally experince a greater change in velocity than heavier objects
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5
Q

Small Object Hitting Wall Collision

A
  • Collision of a small moving object with a large stationary barrier
    • Perpendicular or angled to barrier
    • Impulse (change in momentum) is greater for the former; velocity remains in same direction throughout
      *
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6
Q

Small Object Hitting A Stationary Small Object Collision

A
  • Collision of a moving object and a stationary object of comparable mass
    • Inelastic
      • m1v1initial = (m1 + m2)vfinal
    • Elastic (m1 =m2)
      • m1v1initial = m2v2final
    • Rebound
      • ​m1v1 = m1vfinal + m2vfinal
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7
Q

Two Small Moving Objects Colliding

A
  • Collision of two moving objects
    • At an angle
      • Inelastic (KE not conserved)
      • Elastic (KE conserved)
    • Head on
      • Inelastic (KE not conserved)
      • Elastic (KE conserved)
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8
Q

Why Is KE Not Conserved in Inelastic Collisiosns?

A
  • Some energy is used in the deformation of the object; this is how the two objects end up sticking together; speed is most definitely reduced
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9
Q

Torque

A
  • Torque (τ) is simply a measurement of the ability of a force to cause rotation about a pivot point
  • τ = rFperpendicular
    • ​Perpendicular to r
  • τ = rFsin(θ)
    • Force applied parallel to r will result in zero torque
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10
Q

Rotational Equilibirum

A
  • A spinning rigid body that rotates at constant angular velocity is said to be in rotational equilibirum
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