Molluscs/Echinodermata

Question 0

Mantle

Answer 0

Two fields of skins, outgrowths dorsal body wall

Question 1

Visceral Mass

Answer 1

Contains digestive, circumatory, respiratory, and reproductive organs

Question 2

Mantle cavity

Answer 2

Space between mantle + body wall

Question 3

Protective shell is secreted by…

Answer 3

Mantle over visceral mass + head foot

Question 4

Radula

Answer 4

Rasping, protrusible tonguelike organ found in all mollusks

Ribbonlike membrane where rows of tiny teeth are

Question 5

Foot

Answer 5

Ventral, solelike structure

Waves of muscular contraction effects a creeping motion

Question 6

Mantle + Mantle cavity (functions)

Answer 6

Houses respiratory organs

Surface serves for gaseous exchange

Question 7

Mollusc Difinitive Traits

Answer 7

Radula
Foot
Mantle

Question 8

Moll. Circulatory

Answer 8

Open circulatory w pumping heart, blood vessels

ceph. Have closed blood system w heart, vessels, capillaries

Question 9

Moll. Nervous

Answer 9

Pairs of ganglia w connecting nerve cords

Specialized sense organs

Question 10

Moll. Reproductive

Answer 10

Dioecious (snails mono)

Sexual

Question 11

Ceph. Respiration

Answer 11

Thru body surface (usually mantle) and gills or lungs

Nitrogenous waste&raquo_space;> kidney

Question 12

Ctenidea

Answer 12

Flat gills found in mantle cavity

Absorb oxygen from water

Question 13

Moll. trochophore

Answer 13

Minute, transluscent top-shaped, prominent circletts of cilia found in molluscs

Question 14

Moll. veliger

Answer 14

Free swimmig larva

Question 15

Polyplacophora

Answer 15

Cling onto rocks, use radula to scrape algae and plant material

Question 16

Gastropoda

Answer 16

Snails & Slugs

Question 17

Gastropoda Torsion

Answer 17

Process that moves mantle cavity in front of the body

Uneven growth of right & left muscles that attach shell to foot & differences in muscle contractions on sides of body

Causes foiling

Question 18

Gastropoda foiling

Answer 18

Wastes may be washed back over the gills

Better water sampling

Head can be drawn into shell

Question 19

Gastropoda Coiling

Answer 19

Spiral winding, coiling of shell & visceral bump

BILATERAL ASYMMETRY

Question 20

Pelecypoda

Answer 20

Clams, oysters, mussels, scallops
“Bivalves”
Soft body protected by 2 hard shells hinged together

Question 21

Bivalve

Answer 21

2 shells held together by hinge ligament

Adductor muscles work in opposition to the hinge ligament to draw valves together

Question 22

Cephalopoda

Answer 22

"Head footed"
Octopus cuttlefish squid
Most well developed nervous system
Intelligent
Most have tentacles

Question 23

Echinodermata

Answer 23

Spiny skinned

Question 24

Echin. Symmetry

Answer 24

Larvae bilateral >> radial adult

Question 25

Coelomate

Answer 25

Space between gut tube & body wall

Question 26

All Echinoderms have...

Answer 26

``` An endoskeleton for ossicles Water-vascular system Pedicellariae Dermal branchiae (skin gills) Secondary radial symmetry ```

Question 27

Ambulacral Grooves

Answer 27

Radiate out along the arms from the centrally located mouth on the oral side of the animal

Question 28

Radial nerve

Answer 28

Runs down center of each ambulacral groove between the tube feet

Question 29

Pedicellariae

Answer 29

Minute, pincerlike, bearing tiny jaws, manipulated by muscles; keep body surface free of debris (barnacles cannot attach)

Question 30

Aboral

Answer 30

Surface, usually rough & spiny

Question 31

Madreporite

Answer 31

Leads to WV system

Question 32

Endoskeleton

Answer 32

Beneath epidermis

Question 33

Ossicles

Answer 33

Tiny, interlocking CA based plates Embedded within skin Project spines and tubercles (often poisonous)

Question 34

Catch connective tissue

Answer 34

Allows echinoderms to change consistency from very flexible to very stiff in seconds

Question 35

Papulae (dermal branchiae)

Answer 35

Soft, delicate projections out of the coelom that extend out through spaces between ossicles Exchange of gasses and nitrogenous waste

Question 36

Ceolom (echin)

Answer 36

Spacious body ceolom filled w fluid | circulates around body

Question 37

Water Vascular System

Answer 37

Water filled radial canals Surrounding central disc Circulation and filling tube feet

Question 38

Tube feet

Answer 38

Used for locomotion and to grab objects | Suckers

Question 39

Digestive System (echin)

Answer 39

Complete system ( mouth, stomach, intestine, anus) Stomach comes in contact w food, secretes digestive enzymes, absorbs nutrients Waste excreted thru arms Digestion happens outside of the body

Question 40

Nervous system (echin)

Answer 40

Nerve ring & radial nerves at diff levels in the disc and arms; connected by nerve net

Question 41

Ocelli (echin)

Answer 41

Found at tips of arms Light receptors, negative phototaxis

Question 42

Sensory cells ( in echinoderms )

Answer 42

Scattered thru epidermis

Question 43

Reproduction (echin, sexual )

Answer 43

Fertilization happens externally, sperm and eggs released Left side of body becomes oral surface; forms tube feet Right side becomes aboral surface, forms ossicles

Question 44

Regeneration (echin)

Answer 44

Echinoderms can regenerate lost body parts as long as a portion of the central disc remains in tact

Question 45

Echinodermata, Crinoidea

Answer 45

Feather stars, sea liies Usually sessile, connect to sea floor w a stalk Filter feed using tube foot-like extensions

Question 46

Echinodermata Ophiuroidea

Answer 46

Brittle stars, basket stars FAST tube feet no suction, used for locomotion Scavengers, predators Basket stars have branched arms that capture plankton

Question 47

Echinodermata Echinoidea

Answer 47

Sea urchins, sea biscuits, sand dollars Buscuits & $$ have tiny projections used for movement Urchins have long, sharp spines

Question 48

Echinodermata Holothuroidea

Answer 48

Sea cucumbers -__- Fleshy, secondary bilateral due to position and reduction of role of tube feet Live on ocean floor, sediment feeders