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Health Science Biology > Molecules to Organisms > Flashcards

Molecules to Organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many elements are living organisms made of?

A

25

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2
Q

What six elements make up all living things?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

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3
Q

Why is carbon the most important element of life?

A

The most important and abundant, extremely versatile, finite resource(carbon cycle), can form stable bonds with other elements, can form a variety of large and complex compounds, building blocks of all life on earth

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4
Q

Monomer

A

single units of simpler elements

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5
Q

Polymer

A

Many monomers combined to form longer molecules

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6
Q

Macromolecules

A

larger molecules that form living things known as biomolecules and organic compounds

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7
Q

What are the 4 types of macromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids

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8
Q

How many bonds can Carbon make?

A

4

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9
Q

How many bonds can Nitrogen make?

A

3

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10
Q

How many bonds can Oxygen make?

A

2

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11
Q

How many bonds can Hydrogen make?

A

1

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12
Q

What elements make up Carbohydrates?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

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13
Q

What are the monomers in Carbohydrates?

A

Glucose (Monosaccharide) and Starch (Polysaccharide)

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14
Q

What is the function of Carbohydrates?

A

Provides short-term energy

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15
Q

Where are Carbohydrates found?

A

Fruits, Veggies, Grains, Pasta, Flour

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16
Q

What elements make up Proteins?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

17
Q

What monomers are in Proteins?

A

Amino Acids(20 different types)=polypeptide chain

18
Q

What is the function of Protein?

A

Controls the rate of reaction by lowering activation levels, forms bonds, and muscles, transports substances, fights diseases, regulates cell function

19
Q

Where are Proteins found?

A

Hair, muscle, enzymes, eggs, meat

20
Q

What elements make up Lipids?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

21
Q

What monomers are in Lipids?

A

Glycol, Fatty Acids(Triglyceride)

22
Q

What is the function of Lipids?

A

Stores long-term energy, and makes up the cell membrane structure

23
Q

Where are Lipids found?

A

Fats, Oils, Waxes

24
Q

What elements make up Nucleic Acids

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

25
Q

What monomers are in Nucleic Acids?

A

Nucleotides

26
Q

What is the function of Nucleic Acids?

A

Stores and transmits genetic information

27
Q

Where are Nucleic Acids found?

A

DNA, RNA

Health Science Biology (2 decks)

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