molecules of life Flashcards
1 thing to support theory of evolution
The variety of life is extensive, but the
biochemical basis of life is similar for all living organisms
monomers
Monomers are the smaller simple units from which larger molecules are
made
polymers
Molecules made from a large number of monomers joined together
3 examples of monomers
Monosaccharides nucleotides and amino acids
Condensation reaction
Joins two molecules together forming a chemical bond and eliminating a water molecule
Hydrolysis reaction
Joins two molecules together forming a chemical bond and involves a water molecule
Monosaccharides
Monomers from wich larger carbohydrates are made
Examples of monosaccharides
Glucose galactose and fructose
What does a condensation reaction between 2 monosaccharides form
A glycosidic bond and a disaccharide and water molecule is released
Glycosidic bonds
When 2 monosaccharides react in a condensation reaction
Maltose
A disaccharide formed by condensation of 2 glucose molecules
Sucrose
A disaccharide formed by condensation of a glucose and fructose molecule
Lactose
A disaccharide formed by condensation of a glucose and galactose molecule
Polysaccharides
Molecules formed by the condensation of many glucose units
How are glycogen and starch formed
Condensation of alpha glucose
What does the condensation of alpha glucose form
Glycogen and starch
How is cellulose formed
The condensation of beta glucose
What does the condensation of beta glucose form
Cellulose
2 groups of lipids
Triglycerides and phospholipids
How are triglycerides formed
Condensation of 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid molecules
A condensation reaction between glycerol and a fatty acid forms what
(RCOOH) an ester bond
