Molecular Naming & Properties Flashcards
What are three ways to represent molecules?
Name (e.g., benzene), empirical formula (e.g., CH), and molecular formula (e.g., C6H6).
What is the empirical formula of a molecular compound?
It shows the simplest ratio of elements in a compound (e.g., CH for benzene).
What is the molecular formula of a compound?
It shows the actual number of each type of atom in a molecule (e.g., C6H6 for benzene).
What is a structural formula?
A diagram that shows how atoms are arranged and bonded in a molecule.
What is the difference between a molecular formula and a structural formula?
A molecular formula shows the total number of atoms of each element in a compound, while a structural formula shows how these atoms are bonded.
What does the prefix ‘di-‘ in molecular naming indicate?
It indicates two atoms of the same element in the compound (e.g., CO2, carbon dioxide).
How is the molecular name for a compound with multiple bonds (e.g., C2H4) determined?
The name reflects the number of atoms and types of bonds, using prefixes and suffixes like ‘ene’ for double bonds (e.g., ethene for C2H4).
What is a functional group in organic chemistry?
A specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for the chemical reactions of that molecule (e.g., -OH for alcohols).
What is an example of an ionic compound’s molecular formula?
NaCl (sodium chloride).
How do you write the name of an ionic compound?
Name the cation first (metal) followed by the anion (non-metal), with the anion ending in ‘-ide’ (e.g., NaCl is sodium chloride).
What is the name of the molecular compound NO2?
Nitrogen dioxide.
How do you determine if a compound is molecular or ionic based on its formula?
If it consists of two non-metals, it is molecular; if it consists of a metal and a non-metal, it is ionic.
