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Molecular Genetics exam 1 > Molecular genetics exam 3 > Flashcards

Molecular genetics exam 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The majority of our cells are diploid or haploid?

A

diploid

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2
Q

Are somatic cells diploid or haploid?

A

Diploid

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3
Q

are gametes diploid or haploid?

A

haploid

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4
Q

n =

A

chromosome number

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5
Q

the 2 in 2n represents

A

number of sets

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6
Q

2n=8 so n=

A

each set has 4 unique chromosomes and there are 2 sets

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7
Q

2n=6 total chromosomes is __
sets of chromosomes is __
number of unique chromosomes is __

A

6
2
3

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8
Q

2n=6
total chromosomes is
number of sets is
number of pairs is

A

6
2
3

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9
Q

chromatid

A

the individual part of the chromosome (1 side)

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10
Q

during s phase

A

homologous chromatids are replicated to form homologous chromosomes

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11
Q

Homolous

A

same but not exact

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12
Q

sister chromatids

A

The individual sides on the same chromosome. Exactly the same

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13
Q

Meiosis

A

specialized form of cell division that takes sexual reproduction possible

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14
Q

meiosis produces

A

gametes or sex cells

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15
Q

In females meiosis results in

A

eggs

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16
Q

in males meiosis results in

A

sperm

17
Q

meiosis __ the genetic information passed onto daughter cells by __

A

reduces, half

18
Q

Meiosis creates genetic

A

diversity

19
Q

meiosis occurs in how many stages?

A

2

20
Q

meiosis 1 is called

A

reduction division

21
Q

meiosis 1

A

reduces the chromosomes number by half by separating homologous pairs

22
Q

meiosis 2

A

seperates sister chromatids into 2 different daughter cells

23
Q

Prophase of m1

A

chromosomes become condensed and they find homologous chromsomes pair and held together by chismata

24
Q

Crossing over occurs between

A

non sister chromatids between the homologous chromsomes

25
Q

what is the purpose of crossing over?

A

exchange genetic information

26
Q

M1 metaphase

A

paired hollows chromosomes line up together in the metaphase plate

27
Q

Independent assortment occurs in m1

A

orientation of pars to poles is random

28
Q

3 ways to create genetic diversity

A
  1. crossing over
  2. Independent assortment
  3. Random fertilization
29
Q

M1 anaphase

A

homologous chromosomes separate and move toward poles

30
Q

m1 telophase

A

each new poles has a haploid set of chromosomes

31
Q

Meiosis 2

A

each chromosomes lines up at metaphase plate. Sister chromatids in each chromosomes separate to opposite poles. Each haploid daughter cell from meiosis 2 has one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes

Molecular Genetics exam 1 (6 decks)

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