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pasado midterms cutie > molbio > Flashcards

molbio Flashcards

1
Q

what pipette is generally used in molecular biology laboratory

A

micropipette

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2
Q

all of the following are not examples of a measuring or graduated pipettes except:

a. mohr, pasteur, kolmer pipette
b. micropipette, mohr, bacteriologic pipette
c. serologic, bacteriologic, volumetric pipette
d. pasteur, ostwald folin, volumetric pipette

A

b. micropipette, mohr, bacteriologic pipette

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3
Q

all of the following are examples of a transfer pipette except:

a. micropiptte, pasteur, ostwald folin pipette
b. micropipette, mohr, bacteriologic pipette
c. pasteur, ostwald folin, volumetric pipette
d. none of the above

A

b. micropipette, mohr, bacteriologic pipette

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4
Q

multi-channel micropipettes have different variants and those are?

A
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5
Q

why is it important to use ripe bana for DNA extraction?

A

Unripe bananas have tough cell walls

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5
Q

for the organic RNA isolation, ___ is a strong denaturant of RNases and can be used instead of high-salt buffers

A

guanidium isothiocyanate

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5
Q

After adding precipitation agent in a mashed banana the extracted nucleic acid will

A

float/clump

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6
Q

separation technique of molecules & ions performed in a narrow capillary tube structure using electric current

A

capillary electrophoresis

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6
Q

for differential density gradient centrifugation, whole blood or bone marrow mixed with ___ is overlaid with ficoll

A

isotonic saline

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7
Q

this chemical is commonly used as a detergent in DNA extraction to break down cell membranes

A

sodium dodecyl sulfate

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7
Q

under organic isolation method, the excess salt in DNA precipitation is removed by rinsing the pelleted nucleic acid in what concentration of ethanol?

A

70%

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8
Q

mitochondrial DNA can then be precipitated with

A

cold ethanol

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9
Q

the ratio of absorption at 260 nm to absorption at 280 nm is commonly uses to assess

A

the purity of DNA and RNA with respect to protein

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10
Q

these sources of circulating nucleic acids can be detected for purposes of diagnostic and prognostic analyses, uch as liquid biopsy

A

exosomes

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11
Q

antigenic sites on the protein

A

epitopes

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12
Q

what 2 fixative yields good quality of DNA and RNA

A

Acetone
10% neutral buffered formalin

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12
Q

probe folding is a strong in sequences with high ____

A

GC

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12
Q

luminol, as a detection system label may emit ___ light

A

blue

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13
Q

the equivalent of path length i

A

1CM

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14
Q

what solution is used to deparaffinized frozen tissue?

A

xylene

14
Q

after exposing to your answer in number 3 what is used to rehydrate the frozen tissue?

A

ethanol

15
Q

the cell membrane of a gram negative bacteria is lysed by?

A

alkaline (high ph)

15
Q

what method uses spin column or beads?

A

solid-phase method

15
Q

removal of nucleic acids (DNA and/or
RNA) from the cells in which they normally reside

A

Nucleic Acid Extraction

16
Q

free from contamination with macromolecules such as: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, or
other nucleic acids

A

Target nucleic acids

16
Q

How Nucleic Acid is Removed from the Cell?

A
  1. Bust out the cell membrane
  2. Lysis of cell wall or cell membrane
  3. Lysis of nuclear membrane
  4. Nucleic acids come out from nucleus
  5. Purification
  6. Determination of the concentration and purity of the sample
16
Q

solated the nuclein (DNA) from the WBCs he obtained from the pus on collected surgical bandages in a nearby hospital. (Precipitation
process)

A

Friedrich Miescher (1869)

17
Q

demonstrate the
semi-conservative replication of DNA

A

Meselson & Stahl (1958)

18
Q

Can be lysed by high pH (alkaline) and detergents

A

Gramnegative
bacteria

19
Q

Can be lysed byenzyme products or mechanically grinding or by vigorously mixing
with glass beads (to crack them open and to break down the bonds present)

A

Some bacteria &
fungi with tough cell
walls

20
Q

Commercial reagents designed for isolation of DNA in amplification procedures (PCR)

A

Yeast, filamentous fungi, & grampositive bacteria

20
Q

LOCATION: archea and bacteria.
➔ FUNCTION: guides a common enzyme to specific sites determined
by RNA components.
➔ USE: manipulation of both DNA sequence and RNA expression

A

CRISPR Enzyme Systems

21
Q

target dsDNA

A

types l and ll

22
Q

targets ssDNA & RNA

A

types lll

23
Q

A reaction that is used to analyze the nucleic acid content of an unknown sample.
➔ Formation of H bonds between 2 complementary strands of nucleic acid.

A

Hybridization Technologies

24
Q

➔ ss fragment of nucleic acid/protein
with a detectable signal that specifically binds to complementary sequences/target protein.
➔ PURPOSE: identify one or more sequences of interest with a large amount of nucleic acids.
➔ OTHER USED: modified nucleic acid,
such as peptide nucleic acids and locked nucleic acids.

A

PROBE

25
Q

IN ORDER THE PROBE TO BIND

A

target nucleic acid has
to contain the sequence of interest.

26
Q

DENATURATION OF dsDNA PROBED BEFORE USE:

A

● Heating the probe (95
degree celsius, 10-15 minutes) in hybridization solution.
● Treating with 50%
formalin/2x SSC at a
lower temperature for
a shorter time (75
degree celsius, 5-6 minutes).

27
Q

coding strand transcript.

A

SOUTHERN BLOT

28
Q

what solution is used to deparaffinized fixed embedded tissue?

A

xylene

29
Q

widely regarded as among the most sensitive method for nucleic acid quantitation

A

fluorometry

30
Q

sample is applied to a multi-well chip & then moves through microchannels across a detector

A

microfluidics

31
Q

other DNA specific dyes of flourescent spectroscopy

A
  • pico green
  • oli green
32
Q

molar absorptivity of RNA in L/mol-cm

A

40

33
Q

molar absorptivity of DNA in L/mol-cm

A

50

34
Q

southern blot targets?

A

DNA

35
Q

northern blot targets?

A

RNA

36
Q

western blot targets?

A

PROTEIN

37
Q
A

pasado midterms cutie (2 decks)

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