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MBIO 345 > Modules 8 & 9: Catalase, Nitrate, Coagulase, DNase, Beta-lactamase; Staphylococcus > Flashcards

Modules 8 & 9: Catalase, Nitrate, Coagulase, DNase, Beta-lactamase; Staphylococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Beta hemolysis

A

Complete clearing of red blood cells around colony

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2
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

Partial clearing of red blood cells, greening around colony

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3
Q

Gamma hemolysis

A

No clearing of red blood cells around colony

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4
Q

Bacteriophage testing

A

Used to type S. aureus strains
Virus specific to bacterial strain
Bacteria lyse, plaques form

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5
Q

Bound Coagulase

A

Slide Coagulase test
Differentiates S. aureus from CNS
Bound into cell wall, acts on fibrinogen to form clot

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6
Q

Catalase

A 
Use chocolate agar (BAP=false positive)
Reagent is H2O2
Genus test for Staph (+) and Strep (-)
Enzyme forms bubbles(O2)
Platinum wire causes false positive
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7
Q

Clumping factor

A

Bound Coagulase

Detected in slide Coagulase test

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8
Q

DNase

A 
Depolymerizes DNA into oligonucleotides
HCl: pos=clear zone, neg=precipitate
Methyl green: pos=clear, neg=green
Toluidine blue: pos=pink, neg= blue
Virulence factor
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9
Q

Exotoxin: enterotoxin

A

Preformed toxin
S. aureus food poisoning (1-6 hours)
Affects intestinal cells, lack of absorption, diarrhea, vomiting

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10
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Can grow in AnO2 and O2 conditions, grows better in O2

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11
Q

Free Coagulase

A 
Determined with tube Coagulase test
Exuded into environment, not bound to cell wall
Extra cellular enzyme
SA= pos
CNS= neg
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12
Q

Hemagglutination test

A

Test for S. aureus
Similar to slide Coagulase, quicker
Visible agglutination with reagent and Staph cells

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13
Q

Induced beta-lactamase

A

Grow organism in presence of beta lactam antibiotic to induce expression of beta lactamase enzyme

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14
Q

Staphylokinase

A

Clot buster

Allows spread into tissues

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15
Q

Latex reagent

A

Test for SA

Visible agglutination with the reagent latex particle attached to SA cells

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16
Q

Leucocidin

A

Chemical produced by some bacteria

Kills phagocytic white blood cells

17
Q

Micrococcus

A

Same family as Staph
Bacitracin test differentiates Staph from Micrococcus
Micrococcus=susceptible
Staph=resistant

18
Q

Nitrate test reagent A

A

Sulfanilic acid in acetic acid

19
Q

Nitrate test reagent B

A

Alpha naphthylamine in acetic acid

20
Q

Novobiocin

A

Disc test for S. saprophyticus

12mm = susceptible (other CNS)

21
Q

Oxacillin screen test

A

MRSA test
Agar dilution test with 6ug/mL oxacillin in plates
Growth = resistance (MRSA)
No growth = sensitive

22
Q

Phenol red

A

Indicator in MSA agar

Works with mannitol to differentiate SA from CNS

23
Q

Concentration of peroxide for catalase test

A

3%

24
Q

Protein A

A

Cell wall protein in S. aureus
Binds Fc portion of IgG
If present, IgG and attached latex will be bound by Staph cells = agglutination

25
Q

Pulse field gel electrophoresis

A

Cleave sections of bacterial chromosome
Separate on gel and stain
Provides DNA fingerprint
Compare to known DNA fragments

26
Q

Catalase QC organisms

A

Pos: any Staph species
Neg: stick or any Strep species

27
Q

Coagulase QC organisms

A

Pos: S. aureus
Neg: S. epidermidis

28
Q

Rabbit plasma

A

Used for Coagulase test
Available commercially
Does not need to be screened for HIV of hepatitis
Store in fridge, clear bottle

29
Q

Slide Coagulase

A

Detects bound Coagulase

Differentiates SA from CNS

30
Q

S. lugdunensis Coagulase

A

Slide +, tube -

31
Q

S. saprophyticus Coagulase

A

Slide -, tube -

32
Q

S. schleferi subspecies coagulans Coagulase

A

Slide -, tube +

33
Q

S. schleferi subspecies schleferi

A

Slide +, tube -

34
Q

Tube Coagulase

A

Detects free Coagulase

Use rabbit plasma in test tube

35
Q

Thermostable nuclease

A

Produced by S. aureus
Not produced by other bacteria
Test not technically suited for routine ID
Useful for investigation of food poisoning

36
Q

NaCl concentration in MSA

A

7.5%

MBIO 345 (5 decks)

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