Modules 5-6

Question 1

Danny is 5 years old. He has been taught in school that adding “ed” to the end of a word means it’s past tense, or something that has already happened. After learning this, Danny begins applying the rule to all words, even those that are supposed to be exceptions. What is this called?

Answer 1

Overregulation

Question 2

In operant conditioning, which is the most effective method of teaching a behavior ?

Answer 2

Positive reinforcement

Question 3

Kayla is 4-years old. She learns new words by connecting them to concepts that she already understands. What is this process called?

Answer 3

Fast-mapping

Question 4

Shaelynn is a 4-year old girl. Mealtimes in her house tend to be negative, and often include tensions, and her parents arguing. How is this likely to affect Shaelynn?

Answer 4

She is likely to develop problems eating and digesting food due to stress.

Question 5

Edgar can sound out most three-letter words, but when he sees a long eight-letter word, he turns to his teacher instead of trying to sound it out. His teacher encourages him to go ahead and try to sound it out by breaking it down into two parts. According to Vygotsky, Edgar

Answer 5

Is in the zone of proximal development

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a long-term consequence of divorce on children?

Answer 6

Grief over losses suffered

Question 7

Jenna is 6-years old, and her sister Anna is 3 years old. How are Jenna’s physical proportions likely to differ from those of Anna?

Answer 7

Jenna is likely to have a longer torso.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding physical growth is most likely to be true of John and Judy, both six years old?

Answer 8

John and Judy have likely begun to lose their primary teeth.

Question 9

Leah, age 8, is teased at school for being overweight and she’s self-conscious about her body image. How can Leah’s parents best support her in losing weight?

Answer 9

Encouraging physical play and joining her in increasing physical activity.

Question 10

When is autism frequently diagnosed?

Answer 10

When a child reaches school-age

Question 11

According to Erikson, a successfully resolution of the crisis in middle childhood will lead a child to a sense of what?

Answer 11

Industry

Question 12

In Kohlberg’s moral reasoning test, what was his main questions in the study?

Answer 12

Why people answered in the manner they did

Question 13

Labeling a child as learning disabled can lead to the child lacking self-confidence and performing poorly in school. What is this phenomenon called?

Answer 13

The self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 14

Devin is 4, his little sister, Carmela is 8 months. How will Devin’s appetite likely differ from that of his infant sister?

Answer 14

Children in early childhood have less of an appetite than infants

Question 15

the impact of divorce on children varies depending on a wide array of factors. Which of these short-term factors is among the strongest impacts on children of divorced parents?

Answer 15

Financial/economic issues

Question 16

Kayla is 3 years old. Her teacher shows her a crayon box and asks her what she thinks is inside. She says, “crayons.” The teacher pens the box showing Kayla that there is chalk inside. She asks Kayla again what she thought was in the box at first, and Kayla says, “chalk.” The teacher does the same thing with Mitch, who is 5 years old. After seeing the chalk, when asked what he thought was in the box at first, e says, “crayons.” Based on their responses, which child (Kayla or Mitch) has started to develop theory of mind?

Answer 16

Mitch

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a reason boys tend to report sexual abuse less often than girls?

Answer 17

Boys are more likely to be abused by someone outside the family.

Question 18

Which of the following disorders involves delayed or lacking development of theory of mind?

Answer 18

Autism

Question 19

Children raised with this parenting style may fail to learn self-discipline and develop uncertainty toward boundaries?

Answer 19

Permissive

Question 20

Which of the following statements is representative of Piaget’s stage concrete operational thought a child might perform in middle school?

Answer 20

The child is able to demonstrate an understanding of cause and effect, as well as size and distance.