Modules 46-48 Vocab

Question 1

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

Answer 1

Maturation

Question 2

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Answer 2

Cognition

Question 3

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

Answer 3

Schema

Question 4

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schema

Answer 4

Assimilation

Question 5

Adapting our current understandings (schema) to incorporate new information

Answer 5

Accommodation

Question 6

In Piaget’s theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activites

Answer 6

Sensorimotor stage

Question 7

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Answer 7

Object permanence

Question 8

In Piaget’s theory, the stage (from about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

Answer 8

Preoperational Stage

Question 9

The principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

Answer 9

Conservation

Question 10

In Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another point of view

Answer 10

Ego centrism

Question 11

People’s ideas about their own and others’ mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict

Answer 11

Theory of mind

Question 12

A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors

Answer 12

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Question 13

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

Answer 13

Concrete operational stage

Question 14

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

Answer 14

Formal operational stage

Question 15

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age

Answer 15

Stranger anxiety

Question 16

An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation

Answer 16

Attachment

Question 17

An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experience procedures normal development

Answer 17

Critical period

Question 18

The process by which certain animals form strong attachments during an early-life critical period

Answer 18

Imprinting

Question 19

A person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

Answer 19

Temperament

Question 20

According to Erik Erickson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

Answer 20

Basic Trust

Question 21

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answers to the question “Who am I”

Answer 21

Self-concept

Question 22

What aspect of development did Jean Piaget’s development theory focus on?

Answer 22

Cognitive

Question 23

10, What is the correct term for a period of time when certain events must take place in order to facilitate proper development?

Answer 23

Critical period