Module One Vocabulary and Terminology Flashcards
Linguistic Competence
the intuitive knowledge that a speaker has about their own language
Linguistic Performance
The observable use of a language
Performance Error
Errors made in language production
Speech Communication Chain
the sequence of a communication system
Speech Communication Steps
- Think of what to communicate
- Pick out words to express idea
- Put words together
- Figure out how to pronounce words
- Vocalize pronunciation
- Speak
- Perceive
- Decode
- Connect
Noise
Inference in communication chain
Lexicon
the collection of all known words, their functions, their pronunciation, and their relatability to other words
Mental Grammar
all the rules you know about your language
Language Variation
differences in mental grammar among speakers of the same or distinct languages
Descriptive Grammar
description of a speakers linguistic competence based on their linguistic performance
Evidence that writing and language are not the same
- writing must be taught
- Writing does not exist everywhere that spoken language does
- Processing and production of written language is overload on spoken language centres in the brain
- Writing can be edited before it is shared
- Writing is a later historical development than spoken language
Reasons some people believe that writing is superior to speech
- Writing ca be edited
- Writing must be taught
- Writing is more physically stable than spoken language
Prescriptive Grammar
the socially embedded notion of the correct way to use a language
Prescribe
authorized use of language
Charles Hockett’s nine design features
- Mode of communication
- Semanticity
- Pragmatic Function
- Interchangeability
- Cultural Transmission
- Arbitrariness
- Discreteness
- Displacement
- Productivity
