Module One

Question 1

1. Explore the broad perspective of population health and its application to nursing practice.

Answer 1

Community Assessment: Nurses can assess the health needs of their communities, identifying issues such as high rates of chronic diseases or limited access to healthcare.

Education and Advocacy: Educating communities about health risks and healthy behaviors empowers individuals to make informed choices.

Collaborative Care: Nurses often work with other health professionals and organizations to develop programs that target specific population needs, such as vaccination drives or nutrition education.

Policy Influence: Nurses can advocate for policies that improve healthcare access and address social determinants, ensuring better health outcomes for populations.

Data Utilization: By analyzing health data, nurses can identify trends and effectiveness of interventions, refining practices to better meet community needs.

Question 2

3. Describe the types of illness narratives according to Arthur Franks.

Answer 2

Restitution Narrative: This is the most common narrative where the focus is on recovery and getting back to a state of health. It often involves a clear trajectory from illness to recovery, emphasising hope and medical interventions that lead to a cure. People sharing this narrative usually highlight their journey through treatment and the eventual return to normal life.

Chaos Narrative: In this narrative, the experience of illness is characterised by confusion, suffering, and a lack of control. The story may feel fragmented, reflecting the unpredictable nature of the illness and its impact on daily life. People telling chaos narratives often struggle to find meaning or coherence in their experiences, which can lead to feelings of despair.

Quest Narrative: This narrative focuses on personal growth and meaning derived from the experience of illness. Individuals sharing a quest narrative often explore how their illness has transformed them, leading to new insights or a deeper understanding of life. This narrative can emphasise resilience, spirituality, and the search for purpose amid challenges.

Question 3

4. Discuss the social determinants of health and application to nursing practice.

Answer 3

-Economic Stability, Education, Social and Community Context, Health and Healthcare, Neighbourhood and Built Environment,
-Holistic Assessment, Advocacy, Community Engagement, Patient Education, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Cultural Competence

Question 4

5. Explore what factors contribute to health inequities and the impact of poverty on health.

Answer 4

Socioeconomic Status, Access to Healthcare, Social Determinants, Cultural Factors, Policy and Governance, Environmental Factors, Increased Vulnerability to Illness, Mental Health Issues, Access to Healthy Food, Limited Healthcare Access, Impact on Children, Cycle of Poverty

Question 5

6. Describe the impact of implicit bias by health professionals on health outcomes.

Answer 5

Disparities in Treatment, Patient-Provider Communication, Mental Health Outcomes, Impact on Health Disparities, Influence on Patient Satisfaction, Long-Term Health Outcomes,

Question 6

7. Describe culture, kawa whakaruruhau and cultural safety and its application to nursing practice.

Answer 6

Awareness of Power Dynamics: Acknowledging the historical and social context of Māori and other indigenous peoples in healthcare.

Patient Empowerment: Involving patients in their care decisions and respecting their cultural practices.

Responsiveness: Adapting healthcare practices to meet the unique cultural needs of patients

Question 7

What populations have poorer health outcomes in NZ and what might be contributing factors?

Answer 7

Māori have higher rates of chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers. They also experience lower life expectancy compared to non-Māori.
Similar to Māori, Pacific communities face high rates of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

Question 8

Choose one determinant of health (such as employment or education) and describe how it can impact health both positively and negatively.

Answer 8

Income Stability - Steady employment provides financial security, enabling individuals to afford healthcare, nutritious food, and safe housing. This financial stability can lead to better overall health outcomes

Question 9

How does the NZ housing crisis (high housing prices, lack of housing stock, cold, damp housing) impact health?

Answer 9

Mental Health Issues, Physical Health Outcomes, Access to Healthcare.

Question 10

Biomedical

Question 11

Social models

Question 12

What are examples of health inequities reported in the news in New Zealand?

Question 13

How do the different levels of racism impact the health of different populations in New Zealand?

Question 14

What are examples of micro-aggressions in health care and how do they contribute to inequities?

Question 15

How does knowing about health inequities impact how we as nurses care for our clients?

Question 16

What is implicit bias?

Question 17

How has implicit bias in health care contributed to poorer health outcomes?

Question 18

According to the videos, what are some steps nurses can take to address their own unconscious bias?

Question 19

How does understanding implicit bias contribute to nurses’ ability to promote cultural safety?

Question 20

What does cultural safety mean in the Aotearoa New Zealand context?

Question 21

How is cultural safety linked to health outcomes (from the reading)?

Question 22

According to the Nursing Council Competency 1.5, what are ways nurses can demonstrate cultural safety?

Question 23

social gradient of health and application to nursing practice.