Module One Flashcards
What is an atom?
It is the smallest particle of matter
What is the periodic table arranged of?
120 different elements
How many types of atom does an element have?
Only 1
Are elements natural or man-made?
BOTH! Some are natural some are man-made
What 2 elements are liquid at room temperature?
Mercury(Hg) and Bromine(Br)
What does ‘period’ mean in chemistry terms?
A HORIZONTAL row in the periodic table
What does ‘groups’ mean in chemistry terms?
The columns of the periodic table
What is group one on the periodic table?
The Alkali metals
What is group 7 in the periodic table?
The Halogens
What is group 8 of the periodic table?
The Noble Gasses
What is groups 2&3 in the periodic table?
The transition elements
Are elements given a symbol?
Yes
What side of the periodic table are metals on?
The Left hand side
What side of the periodic table are the non-metals on?
The Right hand side
What are 2 facts about metals?
They are all shiny, and they are all conductors
What are 2 facts about non-metals?
They are all dull, and insulators (except carbon (graphite))
How are Compounds formed?
When elements react together
Do compounds have the same properties as the elements they were made from? Yes or No
No, they have different properties
What are the elements in a compound like?
They are chemically bonded and not easy to separate
If a compound name ends in ‘…ide’ what does else does it contain?
Nothing, just the elements that made it
If a compound name ends in ‘…ite or …ate’ what else does it contain?
The element oxygen
What can electrolysis be used for?
To break a compound into its elements
How many new substance are formed during a physical change?
None
Are physical changes easy to reverse?
Yes
What are changes of state?
Physical changes
What are some examples of changes of state?
Sublimation, evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing
What do all chemical reactions involve?
The formation of one or more new substances
Are chemical changes easy to reverse?
No
How can chemical reactions be identified?
Colour change, gas given off, and precipitate formed
What is the difference between chemical and physical changes?
Chemical changes involve the formation of one or more new substances, however physical changes involve no new substances being made
How can chemical reactions be identified?
By energy changes
What are exothermic reactions?
When energy is released into the surroundings so the products have less chemical energy than the reactants
What are endothermic reactions?
It is when reactions take in energy from the surroundings so the products have more chemical energy than the reactants
What is a reactant?
A substance that undergoes change during a reaction
What is a product?
The substance you are left with at the end of a chemical reaction
What is the state symbol for a solid?
s
What is the state symbol for a gas?
g
What is the state symbol for a liquid?
l
What is the state symbol for a solution or solvent?
aq
What does volatile mean?
Evaporates easily
What does flammable mean?
Burns easily
What does viscous mean?
Thick, not runny
What is refinery gas’s boiling point and what is it used as?
25oC and it’s used as a fuel
What is petrols boiling point and what is it used as?
40oC and it’s used as a fuel for cars
What is Naptha’s boiling point and what is it used as?
110oC and it is used as a fuel for chemical production
What is Kerosine’s boiling point and what is it used as?
180oC and it is used as Jet fuel
What is diesel oils boiling point and what is it used as?
260oC and it is used as fuel for diesel engines
What is Residues boiling point and what is it used as?
360oC and it is used as fuel for ships, lubricating oil, and road surfaces
