Module 2 Flashcards
What is a fuel?
A substance which is burned to release enrgy
What is another word for combustion?
Bruning
What does a substance react with when it burns?
Oxygen
What is the test for oxygen?
Relights a glowing splint
How is carbon dioxide made?
Carbon reacts with oxygen
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
Turns lime water cloudy
When is carbon monoxide produced?
When carbon burns in an insufficient supply of oxygen
What is carbon monoxide?
A toxic gas
How is water produced?
Hydrogen reacts with water
What is the test for hydrogen?
Burns with a squeaky pop
What is hydrogen being hailed as?
A fuel of the future
What is coal, oil, and natural gas?
Fossil fuels
How were coal, oil, and gas formed?
They were formed from the remains of plant and animal organisms that lived millions of years ago
What do oil and gas burn to produce?
Carbon Dioxide and Water
What do crude oil and natural gas mainly consist of?
Compounds called hydrocarbons
What do Hydrocarbons contain?
Hydrogen and carbon only
What is crude oil?
A I mixture of hydrocarbons
What is fractional distillation?
A process used to separate substances with different boiling points
What is fractional distillation used for?
To separate crude oil into fractions
What is a fraction?
A group of hydrocarbons all with boiling points within a specific range
What do fractions differ in?
Boiling points, viscosity, and flammability
What can the property of fractions be related to?
The size of molecules in the fraction
What are 2 pollution problems associated with burning fossil fuels?
Acid rain, and global warming
What does carbon dioxide contribute to?
Global warming
When is acid rain caused?
When gasses such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide dissolve in water in the atmosphere
What does acid rain do?
Kills fish in rivers, erodes buildings, and destroys plant life
When is sulphur dioxide produced?
When some fossil fuels are burned
How is nitrogen dioxide made?
The sparking of air in a petrol car engine
How can pollution from burning fossil fuels be reduced?
Lean-burn engines, catalytic converters, low-sulphur petrols
What is photosynthesis?
The process which plants make carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy in the presence of chlorophyll
Why are Carbohydrates an important food for animals?
Because they provide energy
What do carbohydrates do?
They release energy, producing carbon dioxide and water when burned.
What elements are present in carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water
How are alcoholic drinks made?
From any fruit or veg which contains starch or sugars
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
What is the catalyst for the alcohol reaction?
An enzyme in yeast
What can make an alcoholic drink vary?
The plant source of carbohydrate
What is the word equation for the production of alcohol from carbohydrates?
yeast
Glucose————>Ethanol+Carbon Dioxide
What is Distillation used to increase?
The alcohol concentration of the products from fermentation
