Module I Lecture

Question 1

In what century did scientific findings make analgesia and eventually anesthesia possible?

Answer 1

19th century

Question 2

The modern era of surgical anesthetics is linked to what?

Answer 2

Inhaled Anesthetics

Question 3

In 1846, the first person to publicly and successfully demonstrate surgery with the use of ether anesthesia.

Answer 3

William T.G. Morton (Massachusetts General Hospital “Ether Dome”)

Question 4

The first of five elements of nurse anesthetist practice?

Answer 4

Performing a Comprehensive H&P

Question 5

The second of five elements of nurse anesthetist practice?

Answer 5

Conduct pre-anesthesia evaluation

Question 6

The third of five elements of nurse anesthetist practice?

Answer 6

Obtain informed consent for anesthesia

Question 7

The fourth of five elements of nurse anesthetist practice?

Answer 7

Develop and initiate a patient-specific plan of care

Question 8

The fifth of five elements of nurse anesthetist practice?

Answer 8

Selecting, ordering, and prescribing and administering controlled substances

Question 9

The professional organization that defines anesthesiology as a discipline within the practice of medicine.

Answer 9

American Board of Anesthesiology

Question 10

Two primary medical specialty professional societies.

Answer 10

• American Society of Anesthesiologists

- International Anesthesia Research Society

Question 11

Two primary anesthesia scientific journals.

Answer 11

• Anesthesiology

- Anesthesia and Analgesia

Question 12

Two primary nurse anesthesia professional societies.

Answer 12

• American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA)

- International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists (IFNA)

Question 13

Primary scientific journal of nurse anesthesia.

Answer 13

AANA Journal

Question 14

What are authoritative statements that describes the minimum rules and responsibilities for which nurse anesthetists are accountable?

Answer 14

Standards

Question 15

“Perform and document a thorough pre-anesthesia assessment and evluation.”

Answer 15

Standard I of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 16

“Obtain and document informed consent for the planned anesthetic intervention from patient or legal guardian or verify it has been obtained.”

Answer 16

Standard II of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 17

“Formulate a patient-specific plan for anesthesia care.”

Answer 17

Standard III of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 18

“Implement and adjust the anesthesia care plan based on the patient’s physiological status. Continuously ass the patient’s response to the anesthetic, surgical intervention, or procedure. Intervene as required to maintain the patients in optimal physiologic condition.”

Answer 18

Standard IV of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 19

“Monitor evaluate, and document patient’s physiologic condition as appropriate for the type of anesthesia and specific patient needs. When any physiological monitoring device is used, variable pitch and threshold alarms shall be on and audible. The CRNA should attend to the patient continuously until the responsibility of care has been accepted by another anesthesia professional…”

Answer 19

Standard V of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 20

“Document pertinent anesthesia related information on the patient’s medical record in an accurate, complete, and timely manner.”

Answer 20

Standard VI of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 21

“Evaluate the patient status and determine when its safe to transfer responsibility of care.”

Answer 21

Standard VII of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 22

“Adhere to appropriate safety precautions as established within the practice setting to minimize the risks of fire, explosion, electrical shock, and equipment malfunction.”

Answer 22

Standard VIII of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 23

“Verify that infection control policies and procedures for personnel and equipment exist within the practice setting.”

Answer 23

Standard IX of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 24

“Participate in the ongoing review and evaluation of anesthesia care to assess quality and appropriateness.”

Answer 24

Standard X of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 25

“Respect and maintain the basic right of patients.”

Answer 25

Standard XI of the Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice (2013)

Question 26

The six standards of monitoring within Standard V of Nurse Anesthesia Practice:

Answer 26

• Oxygenation
• Ventilation
• Continuously monitor CV status via ECG (evalluate and document heart rate and BP every 5 minutes.)
• Thermoregulation
• Neuromuscular
• Positioning

Question 27

Professional organization with the purpose of assuring that no patient shall be harmed by anesthesia.

Answer 27

Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF)

Question 28

Professional organization that distributes a quarterly newsletter that is the most widely distributed anesthesia publication in the world.

Answer 28

Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF)

Question 29

What is the only specialty in medicine with a foundation dedicated solely to patient safety issues?

Answer 29

Anesthesiology, Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF)

Question 30

What is defined as rapid and reversible drug-induced changes in behavior or perception.

Answer 30

Anesthesia

Question 31

What is a collection of “component” changes in behavior or perception?

Answer 31

Anesthesia state

Question 32

First of four component changes that characterize the anesthesia state.

Answer 32

Unconsciousness

Question 33

Second of four component changes that characterize the anesthesia state.

Answer 33

Amnesia

Question 34

Third of four component changes that characterize the anesthesia state.

Answer 34

Immobility (Areflexia)

Question 35

Fourth component changes that characterize the anesthesia state.

Answer 35

Attentuation of autonomic response to noxious stimuli

Question 36

Level of sedation where patient is able to respond normally to verbal commands. Able to protect airway and maintain BP.

Answer 36

Minimal sedation “anxiolysis.”

Question 37

Level of sedation where patient is able to respond purposefully to verbal commands and light touch. Able to protect airway and maintain BP.

Answer 37

Moderate sedation/analgesia “conscious sedation”

Question 38

Level of sedation where patient is able to respond purposefully to repeated or painful stimuli. At risk for respiratory depression and cardiovacular collapse.

Answer 38

Deep sedation/ analgesia

Question 39

Level of sedation where patient is unaraousable to painful stimuli or “reflex withdrawal.” At risk for respiratory depression and cardiovacular collapse.

Answer 39

General Anesthesia

Question 40

What is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make clinical decisions.

Answer 40

Evidence-based care

Question 41

What is the most important reason for practicing evidence-based care (EBC)?

Answer 41

Enhance the probability of a good outcome in a given patient

Question 42

What is a set of beliefs that are widely embraced without being questioned or doubted.

Answer 42

Dogma

Question 43

Evidence suggests that the anesthesia provider is a _____ in infectious disease transmission

Answer 43

Major vector

Question 44

Four interventions to reduce the anesthesia providers risk of transmitting infectious disease

Answer 44

• Hand hygiene
• Clean anesthesia workstation during cases
• Clean anesthesia workstation between cases
• Timely administration of antibiotics

Question 45

How soon is the anesthesia provider supposed to administer antibiotics?

Answer 45

Within an hour of incision